Pharmacholgy I
Chapter 13
Gout: a metabolic disease associated with the development of high URIC ACID in the blood. NOT CAUSED BY EXCESS INTAKE OF MEAT!
Drugs that treat Gout:
Allopurinol: Prevents formation of uric acid. **MOST COMMONLY USED FOR GOUT** (LongTerm Control) * Side Effects: hepatotoxicity, skin rash * Nursing Implications: keep urine slightly alkaline to prevent urine acid stones from forming; IV dose should be given as a single infusion. (kidney stones, kidney failure, gouty arthritis)
Colchicine: used during an acute attack * Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, alopecia headaches, frequent urination * Nursing Implications: Monitor effectiveness of therapy, both as to pain control and monitoring uric acid levels, monitor for toxicity, IV administration can cause phlebitis, should be taken at the first sign of gout attack.
Probenicid:
* Side Effect: headaches, dizziness * Nursing Implications: do not start this until acute attack subsudes, monitor cbc, uric acid, liver, renal function. DRINK PLENTY OF FLUIDS! Avoid foods high in purine!! * CAN BE USED IN COMBINATION WITH COLCHICINE!
NSAID’s ( Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents): Treat Acute Gouty Arthritis: use for short period of time, 1-4 weeks, can Produce NEUROTOXICITY! * Naproxen/Aleve: * Side Effect: GI distress * Nursing Implications: administer in the morning and in the evening, delayed release form NOT used for initial treatment of pain, note aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug allergy.
Indomethacin(Indocin); can produce neuro toxicity
* Side Effect: CNS symptoms in elderly clients with pre-existing CNS disorders, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. * Nursing Implications: Monitor for GI irritation, DO NOT CRUSH the sustained release form, use smallest effective dose.
Sulindac (Clinoril): * Side Effects: GI pain * Nursing Implications: Note aspirin or NSAID allergy; monitor CBC, renal,
Gout: a metabolic disease associated with the development of high URIC ACID in the blood. NOT CAUSED BY EXCESS INTAKE OF MEAT!
Drugs that treat Gout:
Allopurinol: Prevents formation of uric acid. **MOST COMMONLY USED FOR GOUT** (LongTerm Control) * Side Effects: hepatotoxicity, skin rash * Nursing Implications: keep urine slightly alkaline to prevent urine acid stones from forming; IV dose should be given as a single infusion. (kidney stones, kidney failure, gouty arthritis)
Colchicine: used during an acute attack * Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, alopecia headaches, frequent urination * Nursing Implications: Monitor effectiveness of therapy, both as to pain control and monitoring uric acid levels, monitor for toxicity, IV administration can cause phlebitis, should be taken at the first sign of gout attack.
Probenicid:
* Side Effect: headaches, dizziness * Nursing Implications: do not start this until acute attack subsudes, monitor cbc, uric acid, liver, renal function. DRINK PLENTY OF FLUIDS! Avoid foods high in purine!! * CAN BE USED IN COMBINATION WITH COLCHICINE!
NSAID’s ( Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents): Treat Acute Gouty Arthritis: use for short period of time, 1-4 weeks, can Produce NEUROTOXICITY! * Naproxen/Aleve: * Side Effect: GI distress * Nursing Implications: administer in the morning and in the evening, delayed release form NOT used for initial treatment of pain, note aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug allergy.
Indomethacin(Indocin); can produce neuro toxicity
* Side Effect: CNS symptoms in elderly clients with pre-existing CNS disorders, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. * Nursing Implications: Monitor for GI irritation, DO NOT CRUSH the sustained release form, use smallest effective dose.
Sulindac (Clinoril): * Side Effects: GI pain * Nursing Implications: Note aspirin or NSAID allergy; monitor CBC, renal,