Problem- Solution Essay
Final draft
Problem-Solution Essay Outline
Title: How to limit economic corruption in developing countries?
I. Introduction
a. According to the World Bank research, more than $1 trillion dollars is paid in bribes alone each year (Hoffman, 2007).
b. These shocking statistics prove that corruption has indeed become a significant problem in the world, especially in developing countries.
c. Thesis: Due to the rapidly increasing amount of corrupt acts, it is the responsibility of the government officials in developing countries to take effective measures against its spread in economic field. II. Background
a. In the 1990s when developing countries accepted the misuse of public money the level of corruption has seriously increased (Hwang, Jung & Lim, 2010). b. 1.What caused the problem? : people` s misconception about the problem, lack of strict and fair punishment, lack of corporate anti-corruption efforts 2. Who is affected: ordinary people and their social condition, economic status of the country 3. What are the effects of this problem: poverty, massive demonstrations, conflicts between the public and the government
c. Over the past few years, some $10 billion worth of oil, cars, telecom equipment, and cigarettes has passed illegally through the Fujian port across from Taiwan (Robberts & Clifford, 2000).
III. Solution 1
Topic sentence: The first solution is that the government should encourage active public participation in anti-corruption plans.
Advantages: 1) benefits of democratic society 2) power against spreading corruption 3) knowledge of the real situation Disadvantages: 1) requirement of some period of time
IV. Solution 2
References: Brown, A. (2006). What are We Trying to Measure? Reviewing the Basics of Corruption Definition http://books.google.com/books?hl=ru&lr=&id=k06/ Business in Russia (2009) November 07, from: http://proquest.umi.com/ Causes and Conditions of Corruption (2001) Craggs, K. (2005). Beyond corruption: other origins of the informal economy in Africa. AfricaFiles http://www.africafiles.org/atissueezine.asp?issue=issue2 Fight against Corruption, (2009) Hwang, J., Jung, K. & Lim, E. (2010). Corruption and Growth in Ethically Fragmented World. The Journal of Developing Areas; Vol Limit Corruption not Participation (2006). Valley Morning Star (Harlingen, TX); Retrieved on November 06, from: http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/ Mauro, P. (1997). Why Worry About Corruption? The Economist. Retrieved on November 07, from: http://www.economist.com/ Ngozi, O. (2008). Fighting graft a global public good; Collective action against corruption requires the need to balance the burden of responsibilities Robberts, D. & Clifford, M. (2000). How Corruption is Eating away at Beijing’s Power. Business week; Issue 3667, p61-61, 2/3p Rodriguez, P., Uhlenbruck, K. & Eden, L. (2005). Government corruption and the entry strategies of multinationals