positive reinforcement
For example, in positive reinforcement, behavior is strengthened and increased by the addition of rewards or praise. Negative reinforcement is where a response or behavior is strengthened and increased, by stopping a stimulus for example applying sunscreen to avoid sunburn. However, positive punishment (which adds something) decreases behavior, for example you speed to work and get a speeding ticket. Negative punishment involves taking something away, for example your daughter stays out all night, therefore you punish her by grounding her for a week. These responses to stimuli focused on learned behaviors.
Simply, the learner will repeat the desired behaviour if a positive reinforcement (a pleasant consequence) follows the behaviour. Negative reinforcement refers to a situation when a negative condition is stopped or avoided as a consequence of the bahaviour (for example, applying sunscreen to stop getting burnt). Punishment, on the other hand, teaches the individual not to repeat the behavior which was negatively reinforced (for example, grounding your daughter because she stayed out all night).
However, Skinners assumed that everything that happens (including behavior) is shaped by past events, therefore rejecting freewill.
Skinner later acknowledged that in order that mankind would survive, people needed to change their behavior by overcoming pride, letting go of aggression and giving yourself a purpose. This may seem pessimistic, however, skinner knew that people will not react to preserve the world until its too late.
This basic idea assumes that any irrational behavior can be punished, therefore, stopping the behavior. Whereas good behavior is rewarded. Over a period of time any negative or irrational behavior is likely to disappear as the individual will realize that such behaviours lead to punishement through this form of conditioning where association can be made through behavior and consequence. For example, excesesive eating leads to weight
Simply, the learner will repeat the desired behaviour if a positive reinforcement (a pleasant consequence) follows the behaviour. Negative reinforcement refers to a situation when a negative condition is stopped or avoided as a consequence of the bahaviour (for example, applying sunscreen to stop getting burnt). Punishment, on the other hand, teaches the individual not to repeat the behavior which was negatively reinforced (for example, grounding your daughter because she stayed out all night).
However, Skinners assumed that everything that happens (including behavior) is shaped by past events, therefore rejecting freewill.
Skinner later acknowledged that in order that mankind would survive, people needed to change their behavior by overcoming pride, letting go of aggression and giving yourself a purpose. This may seem pessimistic, however, skinner knew that people will not react to preserve the world until its too late.
This basic idea assumes that any irrational behavior can be punished, therefore, stopping the behavior. Whereas good behavior is rewarded. Over a period of time any negative or irrational behavior is likely to disappear as the individual will realize that such behaviours lead to punishement through this form of conditioning where association can be made through behavior and consequence. For example, excesesive eating leads to weight