The patient’s visual field defects are characterized as left homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing which is defined as visual field loss in the left ipsilateral region of oculus unitas. The nerve bundles which are extended from the retina consist of the ganglion cell axons which make up the optic tract. The semidecassation is the incomplete crossing of nerve fibers at the optic chiasm which results in each optic tract containing half of the ipsilateral optic nerve and one half of the contralateral optic nerve such that the ipsilateral hemifield from each eye correlates to the contralateral hemisphere (Leff 2004). Due to this phenomenon we can infer that the left homonymous hemianopia is due to a lesion in the right optic tract or the right occipital lobe as shown below in Figure…
Rationale: The client should focus on a distant object in order to promote pupil dilation. The ophthalmoscope should be set on the 0 lens to…
and concave or diverging lenses. Converging lenses are thicker in the center than in the edges. Diverging lenses…
There was a distinct and sustained nystagmus at maximum deviation in both eyes. I also observed nystagmus prior to forty-five degrees in both eyes. The next test I administered was the Walk and Turn…
Nearby objects are clear but far objects are blurry and the eyeball has grown too long or the cornea is too steep in Myopia. And Hyperopia is and eye imperfection that is usually caused by the lens not being round enough or the eyeball is too short, with this close objects are blurred.…
• Convergence: Convergence is the necessary inward movement of the eyes in order to focus on a near…
Glaucoma- refers to a group of eye conditions that lead to damage to the optic nerve.…
Parfocal: as you cane from one objective to another you will find that your microscope is very close to a final focus…
In the Stanislavski system, what is referred to as the way in which a performer can transform her thoughts and imagine herself in vitually any situation?…
Normal vision changes that occur with aging consist of decreased visual acuity, lessened ability to adapt to darkness and dim light, decreased accommodation to see near and far objects, loss of peripheral vision, atrophy of lacrimal glands, and difficulty discriminating similar colors. Presbyopia is the inability to focus or accommodate due to a loss of flexibility of the lens, causing decreased near vision. Cataracts are also very common in older adults; they cause the eye to have increased lens opacity in which reduces visual acuity and causes glares. Macular degeneration is the leading cause of blindness in adults over the age of 65.…
When a fundascopic exam of the eye is performed, one looks at structures lying in the innermost aspect of the globe, collectively known as the eyegrounds: retina, retinal blood vessels, optic nerve head (disk), and to a limited degree, subjacent choroid. (Schneiderman, 1990) The benefit of being able to visualize the retinal blood vessels and optic nerve…
Astigmatism is usually caused by an irregularly shaped cornea, which most often in the shape of a football instead of a sphere. This causes light to fail meeting at a single point on the retina, and instead creates multiple focus points that fall short of the retina, or in behind it. Uncorrected astigmatism can cause eyestrain and headaches, especially after reading, and blurred and distorted vision to a certain degree. There are three types of astigmatism: myopic astigmatism, hyperopic astigmatism, and mixed astigmatism. Myopic astigmatism causes one or both of the principal meridians (the two imaginary lines, one vertical and one horizontal, that intersect at the middle of the eye) to become near-sighted. Hyperopic astigmatism is the exact opposite; it causes one or both of the principal meridians to become far-sighted, and mixed astigmatism is the mixture of both myopic and hyperopic astigmatism. Treatment options include eyeglasses, contact lenses, and refractive surgery. Astigmatism usually occurs early in life, so it is suggested to have children checked by an optometrist…
What is Cataracts if you may ask? A cataract is an eye disease in which the natural lens of the eye gradually degrades the visual quality. The natural lens sits behind the colorful part of the eye known as the iris in the area known as the pupil, which cannot be seen unless it becomes very cloudy. This is crucial, because the lens plays a significant role in focusing a light on the retina at the back of the eye. The retina turns light into a neurologic signal that the brains takes and then interprets it to be vision. What cataracts do is block the light passing through the lens therefore causing visual symptoms and complaints. Where did the term cataracts derive from? Cataracts derived from the Greek term cataractos, which describes rapidly running water. To show the connection between the two terms, when water is turbulent it is transformed from a clear medium to white and cloudy.…
Assimilation and accommodation are used independently and simultaneously all throughout life. Assimilation is a mental process using an environment so that it can placed in preexisting cognitive structures or an idea that incorporates new information into existing structures. An example of assimilation is an infant using a sucking schema from nursing to drink from a bottle. Accommodation is a mental process of changing cognitive structures in order to receive something from the environment. In other words, when new information does not fit into an existing schema; it must be modified or adapted to accommodate the new information. In this instance, a child sucking from a bottle would need to modify a known schema to suck different type or larger…
Auto accidents are very dangerous and can cause damage to the brain. Theresa suffered a head injury due to a car accident. She had damage to her right temporal lobe. Theresa cannot recognize her mother’s face, but she can accurately recall many of her mother’s distinctive facial features. Theresa has a type of associative agnosia. Theresa was not born with it so, she remembers what her mother looks like but cannot recognize her face.…