Since the time that men and women could be identified by the color of their skin and their geographical location, racism has been a social issue that has affected every society. Racism can be defined as “the belief that characteristics and abilities can be attributed to people simply on the basis of our race or that some racial groups are superior to others” (Shah, 2010). Throughout history, racism has been used as an effective and powerful weapon of fear generated by powerful figures to instill hatred of others during wartime and economic decline. Through racism, these powerful figures have been able to foster a sense of inequality and discrimination on “inferior” races using those who are identified as “superior” to oppress those who have been identified as a threat. Through these acts, racism has had a tremendous impact in the way that society has been able to interact with one another and our progression through this issue as a society.
Categories of Racism
According to Githu Muigai, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance “Racism and xenophobia are not yesterday’s problems; they remain an immense challenge for today” (UN News Centre, 2010). Racism in itself can be splintered off into various categories to include reverse discrimination, anti-Semitism and Anti-Arabism. These categories among many others are examples of racism that still exists in our current society and has been passed down through the generations for centuries.
Reverse discrimination, which is the discrimination of those who are considered members of the dominant racial group in favor for those who are members of historically disadvantaged groups, can be seen in many of today’s political and social activities. This controversial category is often referred to when social groups may favor doing business with minority owned businesses, support minority political candidates or support