Reaction of Aldehydes and Ketones with Naoh
D. REACTIONS OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES WITH SODIUM HYDROXIDE (By: Mary Deo Luigi J. Mabunay 1N-3)
Objective:
To determine the reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones when combined with Sodium Hydroxide.
Process: * Obtain 5 clean and dry test tubes * Put 2mL of 40% NaOH solution to test tubes 1, 2 and 3 and on test tubes 4 and 5, put 10% NaOH solution * Add 10 drops of the following solution: * Tube 1: formaldehyde * Tube 2: benzaldehyde * Tube 3: acetaldehyde * Tube 4: acetaldehyde * Tube 5: acetone * Transfer all test tubes in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes * Record all observations
Results: Sample | NaOH | Observations | 1. Formaldehyde | 40% NaOH | Alcohol-like odor | 2. Benzaldehyde | 40% NaOH | The color became yellow; immiscible | 3. Acetaldehyde | 40% NaOH | The color became dark orange; rubber-like smell | 4. Acetaldehyde | 10% NaOH | The color became orange | 5. Acetone | 10% NaOH | Viscous |
The table above shows the results of aldehydes and ketones as it reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). There were two types of NaOH used, the 40% and the 10%. For sample 1, only the odor of the product formed was noted. For sample 2, the state and color were observed. For sample 3, the odor and color of the resulting solution were distinguished. For sample 4, only the color was noted while for sample 5, the consistency of the solution was identified.
Study Questions: A. State the function of the sodium hydroxide in the test. * Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) acts as a catalyst in the test. B. What are the principles involved in the test? What is its purpose? * Aldol-ketol Condensation * Is an organic reaction in which an enolate ion reacts with a carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hyroxyketone, followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone. (Acetaldehyde and ketone)
MECHANISM OF THE ALDOL CONDENSATION | Step 1:
Objective:
To determine the reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones when combined with Sodium Hydroxide.
Process: * Obtain 5 clean and dry test tubes * Put 2mL of 40% NaOH solution to test tubes 1, 2 and 3 and on test tubes 4 and 5, put 10% NaOH solution * Add 10 drops of the following solution: * Tube 1: formaldehyde * Tube 2: benzaldehyde * Tube 3: acetaldehyde * Tube 4: acetaldehyde * Tube 5: acetone * Transfer all test tubes in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes * Record all observations
Results: Sample | NaOH | Observations | 1. Formaldehyde | 40% NaOH | Alcohol-like odor | 2. Benzaldehyde | 40% NaOH | The color became yellow; immiscible | 3. Acetaldehyde | 40% NaOH | The color became dark orange; rubber-like smell | 4. Acetaldehyde | 10% NaOH | The color became orange | 5. Acetone | 10% NaOH | Viscous |
The table above shows the results of aldehydes and ketones as it reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). There were two types of NaOH used, the 40% and the 10%. For sample 1, only the odor of the product formed was noted. For sample 2, the state and color were observed. For sample 3, the odor and color of the resulting solution were distinguished. For sample 4, only the color was noted while for sample 5, the consistency of the solution was identified.
Study Questions: A. State the function of the sodium hydroxide in the test. * Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) acts as a catalyst in the test. B. What are the principles involved in the test? What is its purpose? * Aldol-ketol Condensation * Is an organic reaction in which an enolate ion reacts with a carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hyroxyketone, followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone. (Acetaldehyde and ketone)
MECHANISM OF THE ALDOL CONDENSATION | Step 1:
Bibliography: http://science.uvu.edu/ochem/index.php/alphabetical/a-b/aldol-condensation/ http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/350/Carey5th/Ch18/ch18-3-5.html www.britannica.com www.wikipedia.com