Lesly, your post was very passionate. You mentioned your client was living with his stepfather in an environment that was abusive which possibly contributed to his deviant behavior. You also noticed the difference when his environment was positive, the child’s behavior was positively influenced. Skinner highlight’s reinforcement for humans come in two forms: primary and secondary which is conditioned (Robbins, Chatterjee & Canda, 2012).
Secondary reinforcers is both learned and developed as it pairs with reinforcers that are primary (Robbins, Chatterjee & Canda, 2012). As an example, food, attention, approval, and affection which is most important as it shapes one’s behavior is considered secondary (Robbins, Chatterjee
& Canda, 2012). With careful consideration, neobehaviorism comes to mind as he referenced aversive stimuli, which is referenced as being important when applied as punishment, however, avoidance learning is its opposite as people learn to avoid the stimuli (Robbins, Chatterjee & Canda, 2012). Avoidance learning might be a key factor in the case of your client’s behavior when co-existing in a negative environment; however, we see a glimpse of secondary reinforcers after receiving attention, approval, and affection resulting in the shaping of a positive behavior (Robbins, Chatterjee & Canda, 2012).