Ribozymes
1) Structure:
The ribozymes are classified into different categories; some of them are like hammerhead ribozyme (Fig.1) and hairpin ribozyme (Fig.2) as shown in the figures below.
2) Mode of Action:
Ribozyme is an RNA molecule (ribonucleic acid enzyme) that has some biochemical and catalytic functions similar to the enzymatic ones. These RNA molecules are antisense RNA that targets a specific RNA sequence and upon base-pairing with the sense RNA, it inactivates it by cleaving the phosphodiester bond at a specific site (Ribozyme...). All enzymes have very specific binding characteristic which also is a feature that ribozymes has which make them act as a catalyst.
There are many categories of Ribozymes based on its different structures, function and mechanism of interaction. The first two discovered structures of Ribozymes are the Tetrahymena and RNase P. During a study done on the protozoan Tetrahymena Thermophila, the RNA showed that it can act as a protein that catalyzes the splicing step and it was categorized as Group I introns which reflects the mechanism of the ribozyme RNA. There are also the hammerhead ribozyme, the hairpin ribozyme and the hepatitis delta virus ribozyme (Ribozyme...).
Figure 3 It shows how ribozymes bind and cleave mRNA to prevent it from functioning.
The RNase P is a protein that has an active RNA molecule that cuts around 60 tRNA that is very essential for the DNA translation processes (Ribozymes, 2002). Another example for the early-discovered ribozymes is the L19 R from the protozoan Tetrahymena. This ribozyme cleaves itself from the precursor RNA, it is an intron with 414 bases. A guanine nucleotide binds to the 5’ end of this intro then a 3’-OH forms at the 3’ end of the intron which causes the intro to disassociate (Ribozyme, 2002)
3) Processes which Ribozymes are involved in (Functions):
The different processes, ribozymes main
The ribozymes are classified into different categories; some of them are like hammerhead ribozyme (Fig.1) and hairpin ribozyme (Fig.2) as shown in the figures below.
2) Mode of Action:
Ribozyme is an RNA molecule (ribonucleic acid enzyme) that has some biochemical and catalytic functions similar to the enzymatic ones. These RNA molecules are antisense RNA that targets a specific RNA sequence and upon base-pairing with the sense RNA, it inactivates it by cleaving the phosphodiester bond at a specific site (Ribozyme...). All enzymes have very specific binding characteristic which also is a feature that ribozymes has which make them act as a catalyst.
There are many categories of Ribozymes based on its different structures, function and mechanism of interaction. The first two discovered structures of Ribozymes are the Tetrahymena and RNase P. During a study done on the protozoan Tetrahymena Thermophila, the RNA showed that it can act as a protein that catalyzes the splicing step and it was categorized as Group I introns which reflects the mechanism of the ribozyme RNA. There are also the hammerhead ribozyme, the hairpin ribozyme and the hepatitis delta virus ribozyme (Ribozyme...).
Figure 3 It shows how ribozymes bind and cleave mRNA to prevent it from functioning.
The RNase P is a protein that has an active RNA molecule that cuts around 60 tRNA that is very essential for the DNA translation processes (Ribozymes, 2002). Another example for the early-discovered ribozymes is the L19 R from the protozoan Tetrahymena. This ribozyme cleaves itself from the precursor RNA, it is an intron with 414 bases. A guanine nucleotide binds to the 5’ end of this intro then a 3’-OH forms at the 3’ end of the intron which causes the intro to disassociate (Ribozyme, 2002)
3) Processes which Ribozymes are involved in (Functions):
The different processes, ribozymes main