Transport has been extensively considered in the context of environmental impacts in the academic literature (e.g. Hayashi et al., 1999). Lumps don (2000:372) outlines a series of stage when developing a sustainable tourism transport network: The first stage involves an analysis of existing policy frameworks, in relation to an audit of existing infrastructure and available data on the market. In the second stage, it will be necessary to re-appraise existing land use and assess future proposals for tourism development against, for example, core sustainability indicators. In terms of the likely criteria to be adopted, proposals for new tourism attractions, for example, would be assessed in relation to access on foot and by cycle in contrast to the current trend towards extensive car park provision. The third stage would include a synthesis of work undertaken in stage two, in the form of policy guidance or documentation. The aim would be to secure an appropriate balance in the tourism transport system, which might be different according to local conditions at each destinations. In devising a tourism transport network, priority would be given to modes of travel which enhance the visitors experience, but the process would involve a weighting of this gain in relation to social and environmental impacts on residents. The final stage involves implementation and continuous monitoring in terms of both software and hardware requirements of the tourism transport network.
Lumdson’s characterisation of sustainable transport planning is useful in that it highlights the extent of integration between transport and tourism. In some situation, sharp integration may be needed where transport provision is necessary for economically feasible tourism development. In other cases, less integration may be more appropriate given overall tourism development plans and policies.
In San Juan, although the existing and potential attractions are far from