I
Ex. 4, p. 57
Discuss different types of stylistic devices dealing with the completeness of the sentence
1. In manner, close and dry. In voice, husky and low. In face, watchful behind a blind. (D.)
Перевод
Манеры у него сдержанные и сухие. Голос глухой и хриплый. Лицо внимательное, как бы прикрытое занавесом.
Анализ
With the ellipsis the author comments on the character’s manners preceding the speech. ‘He is/was’ is most obviously omitted.
2. Malay Camp. A row of streets crossing another row of streets. Mostly narrow streets. Mostly dirty streets. Mostly dark streets. (P. A.)
Перевод
Мэлей Кэмп. Ряд улиц, пересекающих другой ряд улиц. В основном, узких улиц. В основном, грязных улиц. В основном, темных улиц.
Анализ
This is close to one-member sentences used to draw the reader’s attention to the streets themselves. The effect is intensified with a repetition.
3. His forehead was narrow, his face wide, his head large, and his nose all on one side. (D.)
Перевод
Его лоб был узким, его лицо – широким, его голова – большой, а его нос свёрнут на одну сторону.
Анализ
A very simple example of ellipsis, used to make the reader focus on character’s appearance. ‘Was’ is omitted.
4. A solemn silence: Mr. Pickwick humorous, the old lady serious, the fat gentleman cautious and Mr. Miller timorous. (D.)
Перевод
Торжественная тишина: мистер Пиквик весел, старая леди серьезна, толстый джентльмен бдителен, а мистер Миллер робок.
Анализ
Ellipsis is used to make the scene faster. ‘Was’ is omitted.
5. He, and the falling light and dying fire, the time-worn room, the solitude, the wasted life, and gloom, were all in fellowship. Ashes, and dust, and ruin! (D.)
Перевод
Он, полутьма, слабое мерцание умирающего огня, выцветшие стены, одиночество, жизнь, потраченная впустую, и уныние сочетались друг с другом. Тлен, прах, и разорение!
Анализ
One-member sentence used to describe inner and outer despair.
Ex. 5, p. 59
Specify stylistic functions of the types of connection given below
1. Then from the town pour Wops and Chinamen and Polaks, men and women in trousers and rubber coats and oilcloth aprons. They come running to clean and cut and pack and cook and can the fish. The whole street rumbles and groans and screams and rattles while the silver rivers of fish pour in out of the boats and the boats rise higher and higher in the water until they are empty. The canneries rumble and rattle and squeak until the last fish is cleaned and cut and cooked and canned and then the whistles scream again and the dripping smelly tired Wops and Chinamen and Polaks, men and women struggle out and droop their ways up the hill into the town and Cannery Row becomes itself again - quiet and magical. (J. St.)
Перевод
Затем, из города катится вал бедных итальянцев, китайцев, поляков - мужчин и женщин, одетых в штаны, прорезиненные куртки и клеенчатые фартуки. Они спешат чистить и резать и паковать и варить и консервировать рыбу. Вся улица гремит и воет и визжит и грохочет в то время, как серебряные реки рыбы текут из лодок, и лодки все выше и выше поднимаются из воды, пока их не опустошат полностью. Консервный Ряд гремит и грохочет и визжит, пока последняя рыба не очищена и разрезана и сварена и законсервирована, а потом свистки заливаются снова и промокшие, пропахшие рыбой, уставшие итальянцы и китайцы и поляки,- мужчины и женщины,- с трудом тащатся по холму обратно в город и Консервный Ряд опять становится собой - тихим и завораживающим.
Анализ
Polysyndeton, used to show the rhythm of a busy street.
Repetition of “Wops and Chinamen and Polaks, men and women” and “clean and cut and pack and cook and can” – emphasizes logical meaning.
2. “What sort of a place is Dufton exactly?” - “A lot of mills. And a chemical factory. And a Grammar school and a war memorial and a river that runs different colours each day. And a cinema and fourteen pubs. That's really all one can say about it.” (J.Br.)
Перевод
Что это за место – Дафтон? - Множество мельниц. И химическая фабрика. И средняя школа, и памятник жертвам войны, и речка, в которой вода каждый день разного цвета. И кинотеатр, и четырнадцать пабов. В общем, это всё, что можно сказать об этом месте.
Анализ
Polysyndeton within sentences – rhythmic effect; attachment – to emphasize each part, to make the description more vivid.
3. By the time he had got all the bottles and dishes and knives and forks and glasses and plates and spoons and things piled up on big trays, he was getting very hot, and red in the face, and annoyed. (A. T.)
Перевод
К тому времени, как он собрал все бутылки и блюда и ножи и вилки и стаканы и тарелки и ложки и все остальное на большие подносы, ему начало становиться жарко, лицо его покраснело, а сам он чувствовал себя раздражённым.
Анализ
Polysyndeton, used to provide rhythmic effect and to underline the character’s annoyance.
4. Bella soaped his face and rubbed his face, and soaped his hands and rubbed his hands, and splashed him, and rinsed him, and towelled him, until he was as red as beetroot. (D.)
Перевод
Бэла намылила его лицо и потёрла его лицо; и намылила его руки и потёрла его руки; и плеснула на него водой, и сполоснула его и вытирала его полотенцем, пока он не стал красным, как свёкла.
Анализ
Polysyndeton, used to provide rhythmic effect.
5. Secretly, after the nightfall, he visited the home of the Prime Minister. He examined it from top to bottom. He measured all the doors and windows. He took up the flooring. He inspected the plumbing. He examined the furniture. He found nothing. (L.)
Перевод
Под покровом тайны, когда опустилась ночь, он посетил дом Премьер Министра. Он изучил его сверху донизу. Он измерил все двери и окна. Он поднял половой настил. Он пристально осмотрел трубы. Он изучил мебель. Он не нашёл ничего.
Анализ
Anaphora, used to create a background of actions.
II
Ellipsis
And he to England shall along with you. (William Shakespeare, “Hamlet).
‘Go’ is omitted. Rhythmical effect.
Aposiopesis
All quiet on Howth now. The distant hills seem. Where we. The rhododendrons. I am a fool perhaps. (James Joyce, Ulysses)
Used to stimulate the reader’s interest to the narration. Asyndeton
Are all thy conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils, - Shrunk to this little measure?
(William Shakespeare, “Julius Caesar”)
To create a tight connection between the components.
Polysyndeton
I said, "Who killed him?" and he said, "I don't know who killed him but he's dead all right," and it was dark and there was water standing in the street and no lights and windows broke and boats all up in the town and trees blown down and everything all blown and I got a skiff and went out and found my boat where I had her inside Mango Key and she was all right only she was full of water. (Ernest Hemingway, “After the Storm”)
Rhythmical effect.
Anadiplosis
It is summed up in a single word — Man. Man is the only real enemy we have. (George Orwell, “Animal Farm”)
A catch-repetition used to emphasize Major’s words logically.
Zeugma
Miss Bolo rose from the table considerably agitated, and went straight home, in a flood of tears and a sedan–chair.
Charles Dickens, The Pickwick Papers
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