A Study by the Sports University of Cologne
What Game Format and Development Model is Best?
Copyright, 1996 © Dale Carnegie &
The Study.
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Conducted by the German Football Association, in conjunction with Sports University of Cologne on 6-10 year olds.
• 1992 - 11v11 on 68x95 yard fields • 1994 - 4v4 and 7v7 on 40x30 and 50x70 yard fields respectively • 1995 - 6v6 and 7v7 Games on 40x36yard and 36x55 yard fields respectively • 2 x 5 yard wide goals used in all cases
11v11 On Smaller (68x95) Field
• High Lactate Levels Over 4200 yards covered in 50 minutes • Ball contacts - 38 average in midfield, only 20 on defense • Tactics and rules too complicated for this age group • Conclusion: Totally inappropriate for this age group, high danger of “burnout”!
7v7 on Half Field
(50x70 yards.)
• Field is still too big for this age • Hard to distribute players evenly • No build up in midfield, goals are scored from long uncontrolled passes causing breakaways, or mistakes by opponents. • No attacking imagination used or learned • Conclusion: Better than 11v11 but still not the best format
Players cover 4236 yards in 25 minutes, compared to a professional Bundesliga player who cover only about 1000 yards more in the same period
Physical Stresses
Lactate Levels in mmol/l - 11v11 against 7v7
11v11 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Mid 1st half End First Half Mid 2nd Half End 2nd Half 7v7
4v4 on 40x30 (5v5 with GK)
• Teaches all the building blocks dribbling,shooting, passing, ball control followed by dribbling and shooting • Frequent 1v1 situations • Attack oriented game -frequency of shots much higher than any other game • Few opportunities for tactical mistakes, therefore accent is on technical training • 20x30 fields should be used for training • Conclusion: Provides the best vehicle for enjoyment and activity. A must for players who do not have a high level of technical development.
7v7 in Smaller (35x55) Field
• Optimal