The two types of theories that were mentioned in this book were social learning theory and Psychoanalytic theory. The social learning theory was developed by Albert Bandura. Social learning theory talks about that humans learn by observing other. This is also called modeling or observational learning. In simple terms, a child follows what others does and tries to do the same task. If a child sees their mother making food in some pots, and the child starts to pretend making food their toys is an example of social learning theory by child observation. Modeling occurs when the observer is inexperienced. In addition, when people see others achieving their goals and solve problems, it gives more encouragement for the observer to achieve that…
The Behavioral/Social Learning Approach was brought to light with the help of three key theorists. Those key theorists are John Watson, E. L. Thorndike, and B. F. Skinner. To sum up the thoughts between these three key theorists, they all believed in the theory that a person’s personality is sculpted through life lessons. Meaning that the Behavioral/Social Learning Approach denotes all behavior as a learned experience. This approach contains multiple key concepts, which allow for all psychologists to use as a guide when psychoanalyzing a person. In this case I will be using these concepts to understand Steve. Steve’s physical background is of Italian-American descent and he is a 38 year old unattached…
We are going to link the social learning theory with our chlamydia campaign. The social learning theory is made up of learning theories that are determined between three sets of factors, these are the:…
Psychodynamic is the view point I agree with the most for the explanation of substance abuse. Although, the environment a person lives in plays a vital role in how they view these instances. I believe it begins in an early age of how we are raised that will determine our self-esteem levels which further determines whether we are susceptible to excessively using drugs or alcohol. Personally, I believe that is how addicts get hooked but, for a person to try these drugs to begin with has much to do with the way they were raised. As a child we are educated about the affects of addictive drugs because, most schools have a seminar on them. Even our parents teach us the difference between right and wrong. I believe that as kids we need a home that is loving, secure, and with minimal stress to fulfill all of our emotional needs. According to “Addictioninfo.org" (n.d.), “In its brief form, a psychodynamic approach enables the client to examine unresolved conflicts and symptoms that arise from past dysfunctional relationships and manifest themselves in the need and desire to abuse substances” (Chapter 7 Brief Psychodynamic Theory).…
The sociocultural theory states that people use substance abuse because of stress and the environmental factors due to the fact that socioeconomics and unemployment are evident. Thus, they use drugs as a means to relief themselves from stress. In addition, the behavioral/cognitive viewpoint also points to the situational substance abuse as a cause that is contributing to the condition as well. Furthermore, the behavioral/cognitive viewpoint holds that substance abuse patterns are developed through operant conditioning, when the individual uses substance abuse to release tension in his or her stressful situations. Hence, this temporary release becomes a habit as the individual begins to carry expectancy as a reward and a pattern of substance abuse through motivation becomes established. In view of this, an individual begins to use substance abuse in all his or her stressful situations, and when feeling tension, regardless of the nature of his or her external circumstances.…
Social Learning Theory is based on the fact that people learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling. Social learning theory explains human behaviour in terms of continuous mutual interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences.…
The sociocultural theory states that substance abuse is a result from stress as well as environmental factors. When there is low socioeconomics and unemployment is high, drugs may used to relieve stress. The behavioral/cognitive viewpoint sees the situation as contributing to the use of substances. This viewpoint shows that substances abuse patterns are developed through operant conditioning when the person uses to relieve stress. The relief of stress through using a substance eventually turns into a habit as the person expects the reward when they use. This…
Subsequently, social learning theory entails that leaders can be regarded by their followers as ethical when they are attractive and credible role models. Hence, Trevino (1986), point out that moral development theory supports social learning theory and it advocates that people are likely to look outside themselves to others for ethical guidance. Similarly Kohlberg, (1969); and Trevino (1986), assert that most individuals seek ethical guidance from other people other than themselves. Brown et al. (2005), further supports social learning since it explains the experiences and consequences of ethical leadership. In addition, social learning theory provides knowledge on how personal characteristics of some leader and situational influences relate…
As an early childhood educator, this author believes that social learning theory is a sound theory in early childhood education. Social learning theory was proposed by Albert Bandura in 1977 (Cherry, n.d). Bandura believed that children are able to learn new behaviors by observing others (Cherry, n.d. para. 3). Children are very observant and fast learners. Adults might not notice that children observe everything adults do until they see the child performing the learned behavior. Children learn positive and negative behaviors. The social learning theory is a perspective that most educators and parents can easily agree with.…
The psychological model includes cognitive behavioral theories, psychodynamic theories, and the learning theory. Cognitive-behavioral theories associate a person’s motivation for taking drugs with their need for variety (McNeece & DiNitto, 2012). People often look for fulfillment and pleasure as they carry out their day-to-day responsibilities, thus finding chemical substances a way to escape reality or a reward. Psychodynamic theories suggest more complex explanations are the reason behind drug addiction. Childhood experiences and structure within the family determine a person’s ability to cope socially and emotionally. Thus, the person uses drugs to forget about the pain or provide a false sense of security. Finally, the learning theory of addiction implies that people learn over time and exposure to drugs that anxiety, tension, and stress all decrease with use, becoming a reinforcer for the user (McNeece & DiNitto, 2012). Each of theories explain addiction in terms of a malfunctioning thought…
Social learning theory posits that knowledge acquisition is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. In addition to the observation of behaviour, learning also occurs through the observation of rewards and punishments, a process known as of vicarious reinforcement.…
In the continual study of personality, two additional approaches have been analyzed to find that the personality is developed also by behavioral and social learning theories. The two theories are widely alike but viewed from different perspectives. The behavioral learning theory is studied that only the observable can contribute to the personality. Attitude change, student-teacher interaction and job satisfaction are the behaviorist’s perspective of behavioral learning. The understanding of the way a person acts in their environment is the consequence of how their behavior is social learning. An analysis of the behavioral and social learning of personality will give the readers an understanding of how their own personality can relate to one of the personality approaches.…
In 1898, Edward Thorndike accentuated the strengths and weaknesses of stimulus-response connections with the introduction of the theory of learning. The premise of Thorndike’s research implied that rewards and punishment have distinct yet an equal impact on human behaviors. However, one of the more well-known learning theorists in modern times is B.F. Skinner, who shares comparable behavioral observation as Thorndike, in that behaviors are learned as a consequence of actions. Further testing of this theory, Skinner developed the prominently distinguished Skinner box, which observed animal training and behaviors. Initially, the Skinner box was used to detect the behaviors of rats. A metal bar is positioned in an area of the experimental…
Social learning theory, also known as Social Cognitive Theory, involves the idea of people learning by observing the actions of others and that thought processes in the human brain are of utmost importance to understanding personality. Social learning theory first evolved out of the work and research by N.E. Miller and J. Dollard in 1941. Their beliefs rested on the idea that if humans were motivated to learn a particular behavior, it would be done so by clear observations. By imitating these observed actions the individual observer would establish that learned action would be rewarded through positive reinforcement (Miller & Dollard, 1941). The main principles of the social learning theory were later expanded on by Albert Bandura (1962 to…
Both biological and psychological theorist attempt to explain why drug abuse is blamed on the individual. They both assume that there really is no escape from it because it’s inherited or genetically encoded in the users DNA.…