*Begin typing at the asterisk under each heading. Please see the Grading Rubric for guidelines for writing the case study.…
An age related disease that makes it hard to focus or see things that are close to you.…
The crystalline lens is a complex structure of very fine fibres with delicately balanced chemistry of proteins, water and a small portion consisting of minerals. However if this balance is upset the lens can begin to become opaque. This can result from excess water in the lens, disturbance in the arrangement of the fibres, interference with the proteins in the lens and deposits of calcium compound and other substances thus resulting in a cataract. There are several types of cataracts and several different types. Cataracts can be congenital, acquired, traumatic or senile. Congenital cataracts are there from birth and until they are removed the child is blind. Diseases such as diabetes or exposure to radiation however often cause acquired cataracts. However traumatic cataracts are caused by a blow to the eye that sends a shockwave through the media of the eye causing tissue damage and tears in the material. Senile cataracts are found universally in many people over the age of 80 and are a part of the aging…
A rare disease that is inherited is Tay-Sachs disease. What the disease does is it destroys nerve cells located in the Spinal cord and the brain. The most common type of Tay-Sachs appears in infants. The disease is present early in development but the symptoms usually don’t appear until after the age of 4. Symptoms appear as a slowing or halting of development to include loss of motor skills, seizures, vision and hearing loss. A red spot on the eye referred to as a cherry-red spot is usually found during an eye exam. There is no known cure for Tay-Sachs disease. Children with the disease usually die by age 5.…
Diabetic Retinopathy, which is loss of vision and blindness, happens when tiny blood vessels grow in the eye, and the high concentration of glucose in fluid that are around the eye makes them fragile. Tiny bulges can be developed in the retina and it can develop in other areas in the eye, and if they start to leak or burst, the fluid and blood can spread throughout the eye. After it starts spreading, blood clot and scar tissue can start to form in front of the retina, which prevents light from hitting the retina, causing blindness. If the fluid is released it can cause swelling which leads to blurred vision. There is no treatment when this occurs ,but the prevention of the build up of glucose surrounding the blood vessels in the eye and the…
In this chapter, author introduces us to one of the fascinating neuroplastician, V.S. Ramchandran. Even in this high tech world, he seems to be connected with nineteenth century machine. Later he grew up his passion on things like paleontology, conchology, entomology, and botany. In his beginning year in research, he studies about the patients with mental illusions suffering from Capgras syndrome and later he figure out how the normal brain works.…
Eyes: Vision is 30/30 in each eye. extra ocular motions full, gross visual fields full to confrontation, conjunctiva pink and sclera white. Sclera non-icteric, Pupils 4 mm constricting to 2 mm , equal round and reactive to light and accommodation . No hemorrhages or exudates noted and disc margin…
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva also known as F.O.P is a rare disorder that becomes noticeable in early childhood. This disorder includes the muscle and connective tissues like the tendons and ligaments. Those tissues are gradually replaced by bone, which in turn constrains movement. F.O.P occurs approx. one in two million people only a several hundred cases have been reported. Fibrodysplasia ossifican progressiva is a deadly disease that affects more than just the patient it affects the patients family, friends, relationships, and emotions.…
Pathos- “People suffering from some forms of blindness, including macular degeneration (the most common cause of blindness among older people), have lost the light-sensing cells in the retina” (1).…
There was a high debate and many aweing theories arguing if Abraham Lincoln had a disorder called Marfan syndrome or not, which was eventually resolved when Lincoln actually inherited a disease called Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B. Contributing to the dispute of Marfan syndrome in Abraham Lincoln, in 1964 a physician published his findings and observations in the Journal of the American Medical Association which diagnosed Abraham Lincoln that he had Marfan syndrome (Kugler). However, his conclusions were eventually proven wrong. But despite the false accusations, Marfan syndrome does exist in this world. Anyone who inherits Marfan syndrome faces the real risks and threats which contain devastating consequences. For example, a hard blow to the upper chest can result in immediate death because the connective tissues are alarmingly weak which can lead to serious heart complications and internal bleeding (Schnitzer 198). Abnormalities in the skeleton, heart, and eyes all contribute to the characterization of Marfan syndrome (Schnitzer 198). Any affected or damaged connective tissues can create or cause internal complications, especially concerning with the heart and the aorta (“Marfan Syndrome”), which is the most serious life threatening risk that can prove to be fatal (Jay). Marfan syndrome is an inherited disorder, characterized by several malfunctions including long bone overgrowth and several abnormalities of the skeleton, heart, and eye, which is caused by a defect and negative mutations in the fibrillin gene or fibrillin-1 that can weaken and devastate the connective tissues throughout the body guaranteeing further complications. In other words, Marfan syndrome weakens the connective tissues, augmenting the risk of damage in bone overgrowth, the skeleton, heart, and eye and at the same time affecting multiple crucial systems throughout the body.…
This is a picture of Marfan syndrome. Marfan syndrome is caused by a defect in chromosome 15. 1 in 5,000 people world wide are diagnosed with Marfan syndrome 90% of the people experience changes in their heart or blood vessels.50% of people with Marfan syndrome, nearsightedness and cataracts are also common problems symptom , and the lens of the eye is off-center. This is a mild symptom but they. While others are more severely affected. In most cases, the symptoms progress as the person ages. The body symptoms…
Progeria, the premature fatal aging disorder in children, may be able to be reversed through Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTI) treatments.…
Stargardt disease is an inherited disease that leads to blindness. This disease occurs around 1 in every 10,000 children and is an autosomal recessive disease, therefore only being able to trace which parent has it, once the child has been confirmed whether or not to have this disease. It is caused by mascular degeneration, which eventually leads to blindness. Mascular degeneration is where the mascular part of the retina, where there are the most light-receptors, rods and cones (that are used for detecting light and fine focusing of images used in activities such as reading), begin to lose their structure and the rods and cones become less functional, causing the vision of people to degrade from 20/20 to 20/200 or worse. For some cases, there is also a chance of colour blindness, difficulty adapting the eyes to dim environments, blurry sight while having clear peripheral vision and wavy vision.…
2.) Glaucoma – Is a disease in which damage to the optic nerve leads to progressive, irreversible vision loss because the aqueous humor does not flow out of the eye properly and fluid pressure builds up over time causing damage to the optic nerve. It is the second leading cause of blindness. It affects one’s daily life such as driving or playing certain sports . It causes contrast sensitivity, problems with glare, and light sensitivity which…
Uveitis is serious conditions which can lead to a permanent vision loss. The most common type of uveitis is anterior uveitis and accounts for 90 percent of people with uveitis. The exact causes for this condition may vary and may be associated with conditions such as reactive arthritis, psriatic arthritis, trauma, postoperative iritis, glaucomatocylitic crisis, sarcoidosis, ankylosing spondylitis as well as infectious causes such as lyme disease, syphilis and tuberculosis.…