The article Intersecting Oppressions by Patricia Hill Collins was very interested. After reading this article I feel that there is some problem when it comes to your gender, race and your social class. I don’t feel like everyone has the same advantaged in education as most kids have. When it comes down to your gender you may not be given the same opportunities as the other race meaning male to female. When it comes to race I feel like everyone would be classified by the color of your skin and that really not face so you will not be given the opportunity as some of a different race.…
King’s leadership resulted in one of the the greatest non-violent mass protests in the history of the western world. King represented a sense of hope and promise to the followers of the Civil Rights Movement. The most important aspect to understand in this debate is King’s non-violence. With many other African-American leaders, such as Malcolm X, taking a more aggressive, violent approach to change, King saw the potential in Ghandi’s peaceful protests. As Fairclough writes, “Few blacks believed that the city’s businessmen would have accepted desegregation but for the double pressure of the demonstrations and the economic boycott of downtown stores” (209). The only effective events in the Civil Rights movements were those that followed King’s system of non-violence. While Carson argues that rather than King’s presence, “the success of the black movement required the mobilization of black communities…”(219), this assertion is made under the assumption that a non-violent leader would organize the masses. Without King’s leadership, there may have been an violent uprising that only led to more tensions between the…
The general argument made by King in his letter titled “ Letter from Birmingham Jail” is that in order for Blacks to get their rights they must use non-violent resistance. More specifically, King argues that they must demand that they get their rights and he states that with time, the non-violent resistance will make situations which will force whites to negotiate. There are two distinct sides to this very complicated issue, and while King argues that non-violent resistance is the key to acquiring their rights, one can see that the counter-argument that violence can be used as a tactic to acquire their rights may also be valid under the following circumstances such as the commence of the Zapatista movement, the American Revolution, and the…
In Dr. King’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” he shows that nonviolence is the way to get the positive attention that his plight deserved. He believed that to use violence was negative on a couple of points. First, violence always gets negative attention. Second, violence was the way the Klu Klux Klan went about their business. He wanted to expose unjust laws and do it in a fashion that conveyed his beliefs without causing other problems. In Dr. King’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” he is trying to convince his “fellow clergymen” (566) that his fight for the civil liberties is a just one, and that the march was a nonviolent one and one that was surely needed. Dr. King stated, “we are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny” (566). King is saying that it’s something that can no longer be ignored, that he can no longer sit on the sideline and be an idle observer. The black man has to take it to the streets. In this letter, Dr. King showed that nonviolence, direct action, and the ability to stand by one’s convictions are the right path.…
In the pursuit of social justice and civil rights, Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, and Stokely Carmichael, sought to amend a flawed system. To accomplish this task, these men entered the armory and chose to wield nonviolence as their weapon. Their goal: to combat violence with nonviolence, to fight hate with love, and to spread equality through peace. In the end they succeeded. Violence breeds violence, hate breeds hate, it is an ineffective approach and an archaic mean to resolving societies issues. Malcolm X and Carmichael were both extreme individuals but that does not make them violent. They attacked social justice and civil rights passionately and assertively, not violently. The methods used and arguments made by Martin Luther King Jr. in Letter from Birmingham Jail, Malcolm X in The Ballot or the Bullet, and Stokely Carmichael in Black Power, demonstrate the potency of nonviolence. These men address three separate issues in each of their works. King discusses social issues in regards to the nation as a whole in his letter. Malcolm X speaks to the political equality of black individuals in African American communities. Carmichael discusses white supremacy and its oppression of African American citizens in their own community. Fighting with peace, protesting with nonviolence, is the most effective measure when pursuing social justice and civil rights. I will show how Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, and Stokely Carmichael used passive methods and nonviolent means in conquering the issues they had at hand.…
“The Ways of Meeting Oppression”, “Black Men and Public Spaces”, “The Declaration of Sentiments”, “Speech to the Virginia Convention”. The four preceding articles all discuss the obligations of individuals within a society. They go in depth with slavery, Martin Luther King Jr., and their opinions on how everything was going in their time as in slavery. Martin Luther King’s “The Ways of Meeting Oppression” explains how oppressed people deal with their oppression in three characteristics. Those three characteristics that he stated were, “Acquiescence”, “Physical Violence”, and Nonviolence Resistance”. In this article Martin Luther King Jr. had a very profound thesis that really tied the article together. This thesis states, “There is such thing as the freedom of exhaustion.”…
Kings starts with an idea that there are four basic steps to a nonviolent campaign. “Collection of the facts to determine whether injustices exist, negotiation, self purification, and direct action (King).” He does a great job in this essay pointing out the problems and determining that injustice very much does exist. King states, while in a jail cell, that the very reason he is…
You are quite right in calling for negotiation indeed…” He swiftly takes notice of the problem and refutes it by saying “Nonviolent action seeks to create such a crisis and faster such tension.” King Jr. continues to argue with himself when he mentions “My citing of tension as a part of the work may sound rather shocking.” Once again he immediately asserts…
3. Define and discuss King’s explanation of “nonviolent direct action.” King first explains the idea of a nonviolent campaign by stating the four basic steps that it consists of, “Collection of the facts to determine whether injustices exist; negotiation; self-purification; and direct action”(337). Kings says that negotiations made by the merchants of Birmingham to take down humiliating signs were never fulfilled, so they became the victims of a “broken promise”. This is why they began to prepare for direct action.…
Objection of what is unjust has long been a part of human nature. Human beings have the tendency to oppose things that contradicts their morals or beliefs as it indirectly challenges who they are or what they stand for. In “Letter from Birmingham Jail” written in 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. responds to clergymen who criticized his actions and role in the battle against segregation. These actions that were carried out by King were done so because he believed it was his moral responsibility, he believed it was his obligation to fight for the rights of all people. In “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” Martin Luther King Jr. argues how the demonstrations he took part of are in fact justifiable as African American individuals were being overwhelmingly maltreated and degraded as human beings.…
In Martin Luther King’s “A Letter from the Birmingham Jail,” he states "In any nonviolent campaign there are four basic steps: collection of the facts to determine whether injustices exist; negotiation; self-purification; and direct action. We have gone through all these steps in Birmingham." Despite advocating for equal rights, treatment, progression, and peaceful protests King was considered an “extremist” at the time. Extremism is something that has a negative connotation, but he demonstrated that an extreme stigmatization of the African American community was necessary despite its unpopularity to many. Despite the oppression and the violence he faced, he advocated for peaceful measures. Thus, he embodies pluralism belief’s…
In “Letter from Birmingham Jail”, author Martin Luther King Jr. confirms the fact that human rights must take precedence over unjust laws. His expressive language and use of argumentation make his case strong and convincing. King uses pathos to invoke anger, sympathy and empathy, his impeccable use of logos makes his argument rational to everyone, and his use of ethos, especially the use of biblical references, makes his opinions more reliable. King’s arguments induce an emotional response in his readers. Although the letter was addressed to the eight clergymen, the “Letter from Birmingham Jail” speaks to a national audience. King’s use of pathos gives him the ability to encourage his fellow civil rights activists, evoke empathy in white conservatives, and allow the eight clergymen and the rest of his national audience to feel compassion towards the issue. King intended for the entire nation to read it and react to it. He “had hoped that the white moderate would understand that law and order exist for the purpose of establishing justice and that when they in this purpose they become the dangerously structured dams that block the flow of social progress” (King 267). He uses parallelism by repeating “I had hoped” to ironically accuse his attackers. By stating the obvious point and implying that moderates act as though this was not true, he accuses them of both hypocrisy and injustice. King is not speaking only of racism; he is speaking of injustice in general. He is a firm believer that “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere” (262). King is saying that if we allow injustice to happen in some places, we risk it happening to everyone. We allow people to think that it is okay to act unjustly towards some individuals. The problem is that this kind of thinking can spread and infect other people to believe this is acceptable. This comes to endanger our entire society. Overall, King is saying that we need to fight against injustice anywhere we see it,…
Malcolm X once warned of the power of the media, “societal oppression” and its ramifications. Ignominiously, within today's society young people live up to labels handed to them, and wear them as badges of honour, suffer poverty, oppression within the education and penal system, and are constantly fighting for status in a very bigoted society, where the poor get poorer and the rich get richer. The author argues that a chauvinistic society, the lack of culpability, uninspiring media reporting which remain relentless, and the antagonistic systems which remain aloof to socially excluded young people, have contributed to the rise of the ”new aged gangs”, thus creating a “them and us” culture. A culture with the ability to become a social norm.…
There have been many forms of oppression throughout history. While many forms of oppression have been eradicated, many forms still exist in today’s society. Concerning the forms of oppression that have been eradicated, the question that comes to mind is how these forms of oppression were dealt with and what led to them being eradicated. The process of dealing with oppression in turn brings to light another question in how successful are the resistors’ approaches in dealing with oppression. There are two main distinct approaches to oppression which are violent resistance and non-violent resistances. Since there have been many oppressed groups that have seen success from nonviolent resistances to oppression, the focus of this paper will be taking a stance in proving that the oppressed do see success in nonviolent approaches. In analyzing this notion, I will discuss the forms of oppression portrayed in the film Pride by Stephen Beresford and Angela Davis’s chapter “Class and Race in the Early Women’s Rights Campaign.” I will then discuss the resistors’ approaches in dealing with oppression and give my opinion of the most effective way to resist oppression which is a union of many forms of resistances coming together. Finally, I will discuss how much power really…
Martin Luther King says people who are abused face it three contrasting ways, "One way…