1.1 - The expected development of children and young persons from birth to 19 years.
0-3 Years old
Physical - New born babies are born with many different reflexes to help them survive. These reflexes include the ability to swallow and suck reflexes, enabling them to feed. They also use a grasp reflex where they will automatically wrap their fingers around the caregiver’s finger or object when it is pressed against their palm. As the child ages there are many other physical developments that they learn by the time they are 4 weeks old they can focus on a face and follow an object, by the time they reach 5 months old they are able to lift their own head while they are lay flat on their stomach, roll over, wave a rattle or toy and try and reach for an object to hold. When the child reaches the age of 12 months the child should normally be crawling, sitting and able to pull themselves up on furniture and walk along it. The child will enjoy bouncing and clapping their hands along to music. Between the ages of 2-3 the child should be able to walk, run, climb up and down of furniture and be able to feed themselves.
Communication – A new born baby will communicate by crying, frowning or arching their back when they are hungry, in pain or just want some attention. As the child grows up they will start to make cooing noises, babbling and smiling and using facial expressions to let their caregiver know how they are feeling. When the child is around 18 months old they can say a few words and will communicate mainly by pointing to things that they want. By the time the child is 3 years old they should be able to say and use up to 50 words and communicate in short sentences.
Intellectual – From being new born, children are quite intellectual. As babies they know their mothers scent and recognise her voice, as they grow up they learn how to recognize the voices of other people who are close to them. When a child is only a few month old they start to hold