TDA 2.1 Child and young person development. 1.1 Describe expected pattern of children and young people’s development from birth to 19 years.
Birth to one year
New-born babies can: * see faces as fuzzy shapes * grasp an object that has touched the palm of their hand * turn their head to look for a nipple or teat if their cheek is touched * suck and swallow * try to make stepping movements if they are held upright with their feet on a firm surface * startle in response to a sudden sound or bright light * stretch their arms suddenly and then bring them in if they feel they are falling * recognise their mother’s voice and smell * cry when they are hungry, in pain, need feeding, changing or just cuddling.
One to three years By their first birthday, babies can: * move around, either by crawling or shuffling or some may be standing with support and a small number walking alone * sit up alone and feed themselves, at least with their fingers * use their hands skilfully to move and arrange objects including dropping things on the floor and looking to see where they are * wave ‘bye bye’ and point at things with their fingers * communicate by babbling and saying two syllable words like ‘dada’ * understand the world around them * know who their main carers are and cry if they are left with someone they do not know.
Third birthday By their third birthday, children can: * run, climb and pedal a tricycle * walk upstairs on alternate feet and walk on tiptoe * use the toilet alone * talk clearly so anyone can understand them * tell the difference between boys and girls * sometimes play co-operatively with other children * build a tower of nine bricks and build a bridge with bricks * undo buttons and thread beads * enjoy playing with role play toys and dressing up * enjoy books *