The atmospheric processes encountered within the Great Barrier Reef are ultimately responsible for shaping the reef ecosystem. The reef, which lies within Australia’s cyclone zone, is subject to the impacts of cyclones throughout the Australian tropical cyclone season, which extends from the months of November to April. The intensity and duration of these intense low-pressure systems ultimately determines the level of damage inflicted upon the coral. These cyclones are not only associated with strong winds that generate large storm waves that rip apart the softer corals and chip the hard corals, but also bring with them large volumes of rain, which alter the salinity and turbidity levels within the waters. This ecosystem experiences relatively warm temperatures, which range from an average maximum of 30˚C in January and 23˚C in July, and an average minimum of 24˚C in January and 18˚C in July, and an increase of even just a few degrees Celsius can have detrimental impacts on this environment. It is understood that Tropical Cyclone Larry, which crossed the reef on March 2006, surprisingly benefited the reef ecosystem as it led to a reduction in water temperature, which in turn prevented a coral bleaching event that was predicted due to a rise in sea surface temperatures. Hence, the climate and weather systems present…
References: The lower southwest of Australia. [Video]. (1999). Mann, K.H., & Lazier, J.R.N. (1996). Dynamics of marine ecosystems: Biological-physical interactions in the oceans. Nova Scotia: Blackwell Science. Skinner, B.J., Porter, S.C., & Botkin, D.B. (1999). The blue planet: An introduction to earth system science. New York: John Wiley & Sons, INC. Wells, N. (1986). The atmosphere and ocean: A physical introduction. London and Philadelphia: Taylor & Francis. http://www.marine.csiro.au/Leafletsfolder/oceansneed.html http://www.marine.csiro.au/Leafletsfolder/44leuwin/44.html http://www.per.marine.csiro.au/public/oceanography/regional/currents.html…
With the global climate changing so are the coral like many other things and sadly they are dying off because of the temperature changing. Which is causing coral reef bleaching which is when the whitening of diverse invertebrate taxa it is caused by when zooxanthellae decline and or the concentration of photosynthetic pigments within the zooxanthellae…
On-going climate change will have and has already caused many consequences for the Great Barrier Reef. This change will and has directly impacted many species of fish, invertebrate, mammals and birds along with many aquatic and terrestrial plants. There are also substantial impacts on the functioning of the reef. The biggest concern about climate change and the Great Barrier Reef is the rise in sea temperature which will affect the movement of water around the reef and the nutrient cycle on the reef which also means the chemical structure which will be altered because of the increased amount of CO2 dissolved into the water. With…
wrecked to have an effect on the Great Barrier Reef, however, as larger vessels passing…
This sea is predicted as how the oceans of the planet will look like within the next century. The acidification that might happen throughout the oceans of the world is mostly caused by the carbon dioxide emitted from smokestacks and tailpipes. (527) Thirty percent of the carbon dioxide released by man has been soaked in the oceans. Many marine organisms cannot survive in these high carbon dioxide concentrated conditions. The evidence from Castello Aragonese proves that this polluted sea is missing thirty-three percent of marine organisms that live outside the vent system. Another significant organism of the chemistry of the ocean is the coral reef. Coral reefs are essential for the ecosystem of the ocean. Ocean acidification is a threat to their existence. According to Jane Lubchenco, ocean acidification is global warming’s “equally evil twin.” (qtd. in…
Climate change has widespread effects. It doesn't just affect weather and temperature. It will also have lasting effects on the ocean and the ecosystems within it. Coral reefs get hit hard by the temperature of the water getting warmer. “Warming of as little as 1°C causes coral bleaching, a state in which the tissues of the coral become colorless because of the loss of the zooxanthellae”(Hoegh-Guldberg,Donner,pg. 9, par 3). This bleaching can stress the reefs and this can effect important functions of the coral. “Moderate bleaching results in stress that causes reduced growth rates and reproductive output, whereas severe bleaching results in coral death. Bleaching also appears to make corals more vulnerable…
The coral reef normally has temperatures between 73 and 84 degrees Fahrenheit. The desert ecosystems temperatures range between 24.95 and 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit. These average temperatures are very different in many ways. Like the desert ecosystems lowest average is 24.95 degrees Fahrenheit and the coral reef ecosystems lowest average is 73 degrees Fahrenheit. Similarities in climate A similarity in climate is that they both have a pretty stable average throughout the day. These are all similarities and differences of the coral reef ecosystem.…
This is currently the largest and most biodiverse ecosystem in the world, spanning across 348 000 square kilometres of Australia’s Northeast coast. Starting from the top of Cape York (10 degrees 41’ S, 145 degrees E) 2300km down to just north of Bundaberg. Billions of coral polyps form the basis of this intricate biodiverse marine ecosystem, relying heavily on complex biophysical interactions resulting in its vulnerability. There a number of factors leading up to stresses placed upon this ecosystem in particular, human induced…
Warmer ocean temperatures are also now understood to cause coral bleaching. Rising levels of carbon dioxide (greenhouse gas emissions) are also decreasing the pH level of the ocean, known as ocean acidification. Evidence suggests that this will have a profound effect on the entire marine ecosystem.…
The food web is one of the quality things about a coral reef; without the shark, its food web would be off balance. Even though coral reefs are located in different areas within the ocean and they are different shapes and sizes, the food web remains the same. Among the different types of coral reefs, fringing reefs or shore reefs are the most common. The Great Barrier Reef is one of the world’s secret treasures; without it the world wouldn’t have the underwater beauty that it holds. Unfortunately, climate change could affect the loss of coral reefs and the ocean wouldn’t be what it is today. Not only can climate change affect the life of a coral reef, but a human’s touch can damage it too. Just think of a coral reef as a house to humans; the humans would want to maintain the reef just like they maintain their houses. With that being said, protect the coral…
Coral reef systems cover approximately 284,300 sq. km and just under 0.1% of the ocean’s surface area yet they provide habitats for approximately 25% of all marine species (UNEP, 2001). Whilst the Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, it is followed by other large coral reef systems including the ‘Mesoamerican barrier reef’ which stretches 1000km from the Yutacan Peninsula in south-east Mexico to the Bay Islands of the Honduras as well as the ‘New-Caledonia Barrier Reef’ which is the second largest duble barrier reef in the world (UNEP, 2001). Other large coral reef systems are also found the Bahamas, Philippines, United States as well various islands around the world. Whilst corals are found extensively across the coastlines of many countries they can also exist in deep water however very little is known about them.…
Coral reefs have been dubbed the “rainforests of the oceans”, because of the rich diversity of life they support, as more than one quarter of all marine animals depend upon coral reefs. Coral reefs are also a source of food and income for millions of people. The coral reef ecosystems benefit humans commercially, recreationally and environmentally. Without them many tourism based industries would collapse, treatments or cures for some illnesses would disappear, and the countless organisms they support would be left without food or shelter. For these reasons and numerous others, it is vital that we protect coral reefs.…
One of the most evident examples of climate change seen within nature can be seen the coral reefs. Coral reefs are one of the most divers ecosystems on earth, but are also impacted greatly by climate change. An excellent example of these can be seen by examining the dying coral in Great Barrier Reef. There have been multiple reports on the amount of dead coral, and these reported amounts depend on the regions reported, and vary from 35-93% of the coral is dead. Looking at the entire Great Barrier Reef as an entire system, over 22% of the reef has died, and this percentage is expected to rise further. Marine biologist and climate scientist have nailed down the cause of dying coral reefs to multiple causes, but the two most significant causes have been nailed down to the increase in ocean water temperatures, and the rise of ocean water levels. The NASA data analysis have calculated that global temperatures have increased by a global average of 0.8 ℃ since 1880 resulting in average ocean temperatures to rise. Due to this increase of global temperature, and a change of weather patterns, the polar ice caps have been melting at a rapid rate and have decreased significantly in size. This has caused the average ocean water levels to rise, which in turn increasing the level water above the coral reefs. When the water level increases above the coral reefs, less sunlight makes it down to the coral reef ecosystem. This greatly impacts the coral reef ecosystem, because much of this ecosystem is dependent on sunlight in the form of photosynthesis. Not only does warmer waters directly impact the health of the coral reefs, but it also increases the rate that algae can grow. A common example of rapid growing algae can be seen in the form of Red Tides. Red tides primarily consist of phytoplankton called dinoflagellates, which thrive in warm waters that are rich in nitrogen. These dinoflagellates are known to…
Wilkinson, C. 2008. Status of the Coral Reefs of the World: 2008. Townsville, Australia. Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network and Reef and Rainforest Research Centre. http://coralreef.noaa.gov/aboutcorals/facts/coral_dependence.html (accessed April 2nd, 2011)…