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Monarchy is defined as ‘a form of government with a monarch at the head’ and was the first arrangement of power in Rome after its founding by Romulus, who reigned from 753-715BC.1 However, by 510BC, the despotic actions of Tarquinius Superbus marked the end of a succession of increasingly tyrannical kings, and the ‘Roman Republic’ was established. This system was based on a sharing of power between, foremost, two consuls who were elected by the people and held office for only one year, then 300 senators, and two popular assemblies, the comitia curiata and the comitia centuriata. With such a spread of auctoritas, the Roman state would be at less risk from corrupt men with their aims set on an autocratic rule. The precepts of the Roman republic were honourable and upheld, in the most part, until the civil wars of 91BC onwards disturbed it, culminating in what many would consider the fall of the Republic, and thus the establishment of a monarchy, with Augustus at the battle of Actium on 2nd September 31BC.…
In the Information articles, “How Democratic was the Roman Republic?” written by Alan Ward shows the Roman Empire could not be considered democratic because the rome citizens have no likelihood of being able to cast their vote regularly, but a group of unrepresentative voters can easily dominate sovereign popular institution. So wishes of the people as a whole are not expressed.…
Democritus was a Greek Philosopher born 460 B.C. in the city of Abdera, and died 370 B.C. He was born into a wealthy family and traveled the world extensively. He was known as the “laughing” philosopher, or the “happy” philosopher because he would constantly mock people, and laugh incessantly about his own jibes. Throughout his life he wrote over 70 books, however very few pages have survived the years. Some have said that Democritus blinded himself to better understand his own mind,however, because he had over 70 writings these conceptions of Democritus have been discredited. Democritus studied natural philosophy under his mentor Leucippus, who had a huge affect on Democritus's writings and publications as they were very similar to Leucippus own theories. It is difficult to distinguish whose theories belonged to who because very few documents have survived. However Democritus has been credited with most of them. His major contributions to science is his atomic theory,which was the basis on which modern atomic theory was developed.(http://www.iep.utm.edu/democrit/)…
The Romans began a republic which had a 2 consuls, a senate, assemblies, and officials. The consuls were similar to modern day presidents but stayed in office for only a year. The Senate led religious events and foreign policy. It also was in control of the revenue. Roman senate consisted of the wealthy men. The assemblies were created so the people other than the wealthy could have their say in the government. However the people in the assemblies had to be full citizen males, meaning no foreigners or slaves. Roman republic officials did have decent authority but there laws were made to ensure they did not get too much power, leaving more of it to the wealthy. Rome was also centralized, because of its location and saw many migrations and invasions, from Po River people and those in Sicily. At 44 B.C. Rome became an empire, led by an emperor, with senators, advisers, and of course the massive army. Over time, the Roman army became more and more powerful. When Romans would conquer and expand they would normally devastate that area. Eventually, Rome became a military monarchy. Rome then split its empire in two, having a emperor in the west, and another in the east.…
Julius Caesar played an important role for Ancient Rome. Julius was a Roman statesmen who lead the Roman Republic to spread around and rise Ancient Rome. He did so many differences to the city of Rome when he became dictator, and most of the people loved his acts and his good leadership. Julius gave the people 5 different types of reforms, which the people were happy to have an considered him as a great leader. During Julius Caesar's lifetime, he had held just about every important title in the Roman Republic including consul tribune of the people, and including a high commander of the army. He suggested new laws the improve the city of Rome, most of them were approved by the Senate to make them into official laws. He reorganized the army…
This paper compares the United States Army's espoused cultural values, as an organization, with its enacted cultural values. First, describing the Army culture. Next addressed is how the Army builds its culture through communications. Finally, this paper examines how the Army had institutionalized organizational conflict. First, look at the organization's culture.…
As the age of the Greeks was coming to an end, a small kingdom in central Italy was gaining power and growing. During this time, Rome was not yet the Rome as we know it today. In 753 BCE the Kingdom of Rome was founded on a hill top right next to the Tiber River. This kingdom lasted for around 200 years until in 509 BCE when the people of Rome overthrew the king and created a republic. Like the Athenians, the Romans also showed pride in their participation in government. However unlike the Athenians the Romans set up a republic in which the people of Rome voted for representatives and those reps then discussed, voted and participated in the government. This in turn meant that political participation in Rome was less direct than it had been in their Greek counterparts but, this in no way stopped the Romans from participation in politics. The Romans believed in one very important virtue. This virtue was called gravitas and it represented the Roman’s seriousness and importance it put toward aspects of life, one of which was politics. The Romans felt that being involved in government was a civil duty that all Romans must know about it. The people of Rome felt this way because they did not want to revert back to the time when they were ruled by kings. Unfortunately the era of the republic began to fall as a cycle of violence ensued. Rome was in constant chaos at this time and as shown throughout…
The Romans overthrew the Etruscans in 509 B.C.E. The Etruscans had ruled over the Romans for hundreds of years. Once free, the Romans established a republic, a government in which citizens elected representatives to rule on their behalf. The highest positions in the government were held by two consuls who ruled the Roman republic. A senate composed of Patricians elected these consuls and at this time, lower-class citizens, or plebeians, had virtually no say in the government. Both men and women were citizens in the Roman Republic, but only men could vote. Under certain circumstances, the senate and the consuls could appoint a temporary dictator to rule for a limited time until the crisis was resolved. One of the innovations of the Roman Republic was the notion of equality under the law. In 449 B.C.E., government leaders carved some of Rome 's most important laws into 12 great tablets. During the last three centuries of the republic, Rome experienced a long series of civil wars, economic as well as political issues, and civil crisis caused by the dictatorship of Julius Caesar. After Caesar’s death, another civil war broke out destroying what was left of the Roman republic. Caesar’s adopted son, Octavian, joined forces with a general named Mark Antony and a politician named Lepidus. They took control of Rome for ten years as the Second triumvirate. The alliance ended in violence and jealousy. Octavian forced Lepidus to retire and then became rivals with Mark Antony. Octavian believed Mark Antony was plotting to rule Rome from Egypt,…
The play Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare revolves around how power manifests in different characters. The most obvious being Caesar, whose power inevitably led to his downfall. Through his development of the characters Cassius, Brutus, Anthony, Shakespeare reveals that the nature of power compels people to act more toward their own gain.…
A dictionary definition of a leader is a guiding hand in a movement or group. My definition of a leader is someone who stands out amongst the rest and steps up to the task and helps the “followers” advance and strive to become a leader as well. The only way a leader can be effective is by leading by example. A prime example of this is Malala Yousafzai. She was shot in the face for trying to go to school. If she hadn’t gone to school she wouldn’t have been shot, but she also wouldn’t have a Nobel Peace prize. She is now using her story to speak for access to education for everyone. A leader is someone who leads by example and uses their skills to help others succeed.…
In Shakespeare's play, Julius Caesar, Calphurnia argues to her husband, Julius, to remain home after she dreamt of his murder. In her argument, Calphurnia uses juxtaposition, personification, and imagery to persuade him. She uses these rhetorical devices well, but was unable to convince him.…
The Roman Republic was rather democratic.The Romans were the start of a democracy, and we include many of their ideas today in the United States. They were democratic because they had a constitution two important elements including legislation, and the right for citizens to vote. The Romans still use the same concept as the government does nowadays, such as the magistrates, senate, and assemblies. The assemblies job was to pass legislation, which is the most important reason that Romans were democratic.…
Another man who strived to have utter power in the story is Cassius. Cassius was a demented man who took power from other people for his own personal use. He plotted conspiracies about people because of his own jealousy towards people. Cassius also was a very tricky man who planned to convince Brutus to join his team in the fight to kill Julius Caesar. He wanted to take power from Julius know mater what the consequences would be.…
Ancient Greece is normally associated with the origin of democracy. Basically, Greek government evolved from single rule to small group rule to rule by the people. Because each city-state in ancient Greece possessed its own government, some of these types existed other than democracy, namely monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, oligarchy. This essay will compare and contrast the ancient governments, namely monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, oligarchy and democracy in Ancient Greek city states.…
Between 200 B.C.E. – 200 C.E. The Roman Empire ruled with an iron fist controlling mostly and if not all of the Mediterranean. This was due to two main factors, these are it military power and the political system it was able to develop. However most of the Romans accomplishment didn’t happen as an empire, but a republic. While as a republic, Romans created a political system that heavily influenced many to move to the Rome. In the article Ways of the World by Robert W. Strayer he states that the political system created “a written code of law offered plebeians (the poor class) some protection from abuse” from the upper or elite classes. Also this provided a better “system of public assemblies [that] provided an opportunity for lower classes to shape public policy and a new office of tribune” that would represent them in these assemblies. This was a huge part of Rome popularity and its growing number. This was the first time were the poorer classes had any kind of support from a political system. The Romans had get deal of pride with their newly developed system that benefited everyone. They also believed that the political system gave them a “greater freedom than did many of their more autocratic neighbors.”…