the translation of long English sentences into Chinese

If you reach Chicago by train and spend only an hour or two there you will feel the light wind off the lake gives it the name “Windy City”. 如果你乘坐火车抵达芝加哥，即使只在那里逗留一两个小时，你也会感觉到从密西根湖那边吹拂过来的阵阵清风，这就是芝加哥之所以叫做“风城”的缘故。
It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reasons why learning English seems to become increasingly difficult once the basic strutures and patterns of the language have been understood.
一旦了解英语的基本结构和句型，再往下似乎就越来越难了，这其中的原因，也许教师必学生更容易理解。
And I take heart from the fact that the ememy, which boasts that it can occupy that strategic point in a couple of hours, has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions, because of the stiff resistance that gets in the way.
吹嘘能在几小时就会占领战略要地的敌人，由于一路受到顽强抵抗，甚至还能占领外围地带。这一事实使我增强了信心。
He glanced from face to face in the absent way of a man who has lost the power of thought and is seeking somewhere to find the thing that will start it going again.
他像失去了思考能力，茫然地扫过一张张的面孔，想要在那里找到什么东西让他重新开始思考。
‖Human beings have distinguished themselves from other animals,‖ and in doing so ensured their survival,‖by the ability to observe and understand their environment ‖and then either to adapt to that environment or to control and adapt it to their own needs. ‖
人类把自己和其他动物区别开来。‖与此同时，人类还具有观察和了解周围环境的能力。‖他们要么控制环境，或根据自身的需要改造环境。‖人类就这样一代代地生存下去。
‖Human beings have distinguished themselves from other animals,‖ and in doing so ensured their survival,‖by the ability to observe and understand their environment ‖and then either to adapt to that environment or to control and adapt it to their own needs. ‖
人类能够观察和理解周围环境，然后要么适应环境要么根据自己的需要改造环境。正是这种能力把人和动物区别开来，而同时，人类也就一代一代地生存下去。
He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “step” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.
所有美国人接收的教育都是在长大后应该追求金钱和权力，而我却偏偏不愿意朝这个目标迈进，他对此大为不解。
翻译英语长句时，要注意把握好理解和表达两个过程。首先要对原句的结构进行语法分析，弄清楚各个部分之间的语法和逻辑关系，分情上下层次和前后联系，从而理解好全句的中心内容。