Thesis: Crime and Davao City
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study The concept of “governance” is not new. It is as old as human civilization. Simply put “governance” means: the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented or not implemented. Governance can be used in several contexts such as corporate governance, international governance, national governance and local governance. Since governance is the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented, an analysis of governance, international governance focuses on the formal and informal actors involved in decision-making and implementing the decisions made and the formal and informal structures that have been set in place to arrive at and implement the decision. All actors other than government and the military are grouped together as part of the civil society. In some countries in addition to the civil society, organized crime syndicates also influence decision-making, particularly in urban areas and at the national level. Good governance has eight (8) major characteristics. It is participatory, consensus oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient, equitable and inclusive and follows the rule of law. It assures that corruption is minimized, the views of minorities are taken into account and that the voices of the most vulnerable in society are heard in decision-making. It is also responsive to the present and future needs to society. Participation by both men and women is a key cornerstone of good governance. Participation could be either direct or through legitimate intermediate institutions or representatives. It is important to point out that representative democracy does not necessarily mean that the concerns of the most vulnerable in society would be taken into consideration in decision-making. Participation needs to be informed and organized. This means freedom of association and expression on the one hand and an organized
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study The concept of “governance” is not new. It is as old as human civilization. Simply put “governance” means: the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented or not implemented. Governance can be used in several contexts such as corporate governance, international governance, national governance and local governance. Since governance is the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented, an analysis of governance, international governance focuses on the formal and informal actors involved in decision-making and implementing the decisions made and the formal and informal structures that have been set in place to arrive at and implement the decision. All actors other than government and the military are grouped together as part of the civil society. In some countries in addition to the civil society, organized crime syndicates also influence decision-making, particularly in urban areas and at the national level. Good governance has eight (8) major characteristics. It is participatory, consensus oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient, equitable and inclusive and follows the rule of law. It assures that corruption is minimized, the views of minorities are taken into account and that the voices of the most vulnerable in society are heard in decision-making. It is also responsive to the present and future needs to society. Participation by both men and women is a key cornerstone of good governance. Participation could be either direct or through legitimate intermediate institutions or representatives. It is important to point out that representative democracy does not necessarily mean that the concerns of the most vulnerable in society would be taken into consideration in decision-making. Participation needs to be informed and organized. This means freedom of association and expression on the one hand and an organized
Bibliography: Records from the City Budget Office, 2004 Records from the Criminal Investigation and Detection Group, PNP-DCPO, 2004 Records from the Philippine National Police-Davao City Police Office, 2006 Records from the Davao City Investment Promotion Center, 2006 Records from the Philippine Port Authority, 2005 Records from the National Statistical Coordination Board Regional XI, 2005 Corti, Louise & Thompson, Paul (2004). Secondary analysis of archive data. In Clive Seale, Giampietro Gobo, Jaber F. Gubrium, & David Silverman (Eds.), Qualitative research practice (pp.327-343). London: Sage Kaufmann, S Reconceptualizing Governance, 1997 UNDP Salcedo, Lucila L., “General Sociology” The Changing Nature of Democracy, 1998 United Nations University Press (excellent allocation of chapters on democracy and governance) World Development 1997: the State in a Changing World, 1997 the World Bank Quilisadio, Eleuterio. 2004. “Assessment of Crime Solution in Davao del Norte.” Unpublished Master’s Thesis. University of Southeastern Philippines, Davao City. Quinsay, Nestor. 2003. “Relationship of PNP Annual General Inspection and Police Performance in Davao City. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. University of Southeastern Philippines. Davao City Yordan, Samuel