Tsarist Autocracy In Russia
Socially, Russia was under the state of hierarchy, where it was divided into social classes. At this point in Russia’s history, Russia was ruled under the Tsarist Autocracy where the Tsar, only governed Russia and made all the decisions. Under him came the “civil servants”. At the top were ministers in charge of the government departments, and the bottom was made up of the minor ministers like customs inspectors and office clerks. They were usually underpaid, therefore, took constant bribes. All of them supported the Tsar and could not oppose him. Under the ministers or the “civil servants” came the Russian Orthodox Church, the church helped the Tsar gain total control. People were taught in church to the respect the autocracy and to be loyal
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to the Tsar. The head of the church, also known as the priest, was also a government minister. After them came the military. The military was divided into two groups the Okhrana and the Cossacks, however both were made to enforce the laws that the Tsar created. The Okhrana suppressed all books and newspapers, spied on political parties, arrested all suspected opposition and helped the Tsar imprison people. On the other hand, the Cossacks were fierce soldiers armed with dangerous weapons, like the Sabres. They used to kill anyone, even if he’s innocent. They were the private soldiers of the Tsar and his family. After them came the noblemen. Most of them were landowners, industrialists, bankers, traders and businessmen. They mainly focused on their worth and controlling the workforce. However all those classes combined could approximately make up 15% of Russia’s population. The rest of the 85% of Russia’s population, by 1990, 4 out of five Russians were peasants, also known as “serfs”. The serfs were barely given a small place to live, a tiny piece of land and a few animals. Most of the serfs crops were given to the landlord’s taxes. Anyone who resisted those rules was beaten with wire whips. They were the majority, yet, lived in dreadful conditions. The Russian people saw the social hierarchy that was present before the revolution, as unfair, unfair and biased. The result was, by 1917, a huge number of dissatisfied peasants, angry at constant attempts to control them, were furious at people who profited from the land without directly working it and decided to stand up for their rights.
In the picture, there is a dissatisfied family, predictably they're serfs. They seem tired, restless and malcontent. Although it was believed that the serfs’ life improves in 1861, when they were freed. They were issued a small piece of land. However, they had to pay back a huge sum of their income to the government, and the result was a mass of small farms deeply in debt. Whoever disagreed of those taxes, would get beaten up with wire whips, therefore, they saw an opportunity of a revolution as an opportunity of hope.
This photo of individuals waiting to purchase bread outlines a standout amongst the most critical impacts of the war on the home front. The state's failure to deal with the production of food, pricing, and quality rose as a basic issue in the early phases of the war. The war worsened the economic and political problems that the empire was already facing. This caused more dissatisfaction and protests because Russian soldiers did not have enough food or military equipment. Millions of soldiers were killed, wounded, or missing. People were fed up with the situation Russia was already in. By 1917, popular unrest over food shortages focused on the government's inability to deal with the inequities of private trade. In February, laborers' shows over the lack of bread were the prompt reason for the revolution. Russia’s involvement in World War 1 demands the transportation of food to the front lines to feed the soldiers.
Lenin’s April Thesis is one of the most important declarations in the history of Russia. They consist of just a few short notes. In the April Theses, Lenin called for a struggle for a socialist program. Its main elements were: • No support for the temporary government. • Support the Soviets to gain power. • End World War 1. • Grab hold of big estates. • Take over the banks. • Set up workers’ control of industry. • Announce a Communist Party; establish a new international.
A program on these lines, with the strategy and tactics also spelt out, was an essential for the success of the October revolution.
Lenin wanted to completely transform Russia from a tsarist autocracy to a communist. This made people imagine how equal and better life will be after the repeal of the Tsar.
On the Eastern Front, the Russian army was struggling to hold on against the German military because of the shortages. Russia was struggling to produce enough weapons or food to support the war effort. Millions of Russian soldiers and civilians died in the war. This completely discouraged the Russian soldiers that were fighting in the war, observing their comrades dying and couldn't do anything about it since they had no weapons.
As strikes and demonstrations spread, the government called in troops, or the “Okhrana” to enforce peace. However, most of them were already against the Tsar and decided to join the protesters’ side. This created great civil conflict. At this point the Tsarist form of government was ruined. In the photograph, soldiers with drawn swords and bayonets gather around a banner bearing the slogan, "Down with the Monarchy!” as they sided with each other to bring Russia into its “golden age”. They took over the public buildings and police stations. This shows the lack of support they had to the Tsar. They refused to fire any weapons because they were aware of the horrible
conditions.
One of the most important aspects that caused the revolution is the constant failures of the Tsar. Even though he promised the people a great life after the revolution of 1905, he continued to be an incompetent leader, and he ignored the needs of the people. He became associated with the military defeat, considering the massive losses of World War 1 and his defeat in the Russo-Japanese war. The Tsar was blamed for the repeated defeats by the German army, especially after his decision of taking direct command.
Lenin argued that immediate action must be taken.
Lenin’s points: • Russia is facing problems that can't be solved by conferences, only by immediate changes. • At present, it isn't important who will take power, because that will be dealt with later by the Revolutionary Military Committee • All that matters at the current time is the that the government must be overthrown immediately • All power must be taken from the hands of Kerensky (The Mensheviks) immediately • History will not forgive revolutionaries for procrastinating, when their chance of success lessens with every passing moment • The government is tottering, and must be given the death blow swiftly and without mercy By the terms of the treaty, Russia gave up more than 290,000 square miles of land and around a quarter of its population. In addition, the lost territory contained approximately a quarter of the nation's industry and 90% of its coal mines. This territory effectively contained the countries of Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Belarus. Russia was forced to give up all that, since the defeat on the battlefield increased the discontent among Russia’s population, especially the poverty-stricken workers and peasants.
to the Tsar. The head of the church, also known as the priest, was also a government minister. After them came the military. The military was divided into two groups the Okhrana and the Cossacks, however both were made to enforce the laws that the Tsar created. The Okhrana suppressed all books and newspapers, spied on political parties, arrested all suspected opposition and helped the Tsar imprison people. On the other hand, the Cossacks were fierce soldiers armed with dangerous weapons, like the Sabres. They used to kill anyone, even if he’s innocent. They were the private soldiers of the Tsar and his family. After them came the noblemen. Most of them were landowners, industrialists, bankers, traders and businessmen. They mainly focused on their worth and controlling the workforce. However all those classes combined could approximately make up 15% of Russia’s population. The rest of the 85% of Russia’s population, by 1990, 4 out of five Russians were peasants, also known as “serfs”. The serfs were barely given a small place to live, a tiny piece of land and a few animals. Most of the serfs crops were given to the landlord’s taxes. Anyone who resisted those rules was beaten with wire whips. They were the majority, yet, lived in dreadful conditions. The Russian people saw the social hierarchy that was present before the revolution, as unfair, unfair and biased. The result was, by 1917, a huge number of dissatisfied peasants, angry at constant attempts to control them, were furious at people who profited from the land without directly working it and decided to stand up for their rights.
In the picture, there is a dissatisfied family, predictably they're serfs. They seem tired, restless and malcontent. Although it was believed that the serfs’ life improves in 1861, when they were freed. They were issued a small piece of land. However, they had to pay back a huge sum of their income to the government, and the result was a mass of small farms deeply in debt. Whoever disagreed of those taxes, would get beaten up with wire whips, therefore, they saw an opportunity of a revolution as an opportunity of hope.
This photo of individuals waiting to purchase bread outlines a standout amongst the most critical impacts of the war on the home front. The state's failure to deal with the production of food, pricing, and quality rose as a basic issue in the early phases of the war. The war worsened the economic and political problems that the empire was already facing. This caused more dissatisfaction and protests because Russian soldiers did not have enough food or military equipment. Millions of soldiers were killed, wounded, or missing. People were fed up with the situation Russia was already in. By 1917, popular unrest over food shortages focused on the government's inability to deal with the inequities of private trade. In February, laborers' shows over the lack of bread were the prompt reason for the revolution. Russia’s involvement in World War 1 demands the transportation of food to the front lines to feed the soldiers.
Lenin’s April Thesis is one of the most important declarations in the history of Russia. They consist of just a few short notes. In the April Theses, Lenin called for a struggle for a socialist program. Its main elements were: • No support for the temporary government. • Support the Soviets to gain power. • End World War 1. • Grab hold of big estates. • Take over the banks. • Set up workers’ control of industry. • Announce a Communist Party; establish a new international.
A program on these lines, with the strategy and tactics also spelt out, was an essential for the success of the October revolution.
Lenin wanted to completely transform Russia from a tsarist autocracy to a communist. This made people imagine how equal and better life will be after the repeal of the Tsar.
On the Eastern Front, the Russian army was struggling to hold on against the German military because of the shortages. Russia was struggling to produce enough weapons or food to support the war effort. Millions of Russian soldiers and civilians died in the war. This completely discouraged the Russian soldiers that were fighting in the war, observing their comrades dying and couldn't do anything about it since they had no weapons.
As strikes and demonstrations spread, the government called in troops, or the “Okhrana” to enforce peace. However, most of them were already against the Tsar and decided to join the protesters’ side. This created great civil conflict. At this point the Tsarist form of government was ruined. In the photograph, soldiers with drawn swords and bayonets gather around a banner bearing the slogan, "Down with the Monarchy!” as they sided with each other to bring Russia into its “golden age”. They took over the public buildings and police stations. This shows the lack of support they had to the Tsar. They refused to fire any weapons because they were aware of the horrible
conditions.
One of the most important aspects that caused the revolution is the constant failures of the Tsar. Even though he promised the people a great life after the revolution of 1905, he continued to be an incompetent leader, and he ignored the needs of the people. He became associated with the military defeat, considering the massive losses of World War 1 and his defeat in the Russo-Japanese war. The Tsar was blamed for the repeated defeats by the German army, especially after his decision of taking direct command.
Lenin argued that immediate action must be taken.
Lenin’s points: • Russia is facing problems that can't be solved by conferences, only by immediate changes. • At present, it isn't important who will take power, because that will be dealt with later by the Revolutionary Military Committee • All that matters at the current time is the that the government must be overthrown immediately • All power must be taken from the hands of Kerensky (The Mensheviks) immediately • History will not forgive revolutionaries for procrastinating, when their chance of success lessens with every passing moment • The government is tottering, and must be given the death blow swiftly and without mercy By the terms of the treaty, Russia gave up more than 290,000 square miles of land and around a quarter of its population. In addition, the lost territory contained approximately a quarter of the nation's industry and 90% of its coal mines. This territory effectively contained the countries of Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Belarus. Russia was forced to give up all that, since the defeat on the battlefield increased the discontent among Russia’s population, especially the poverty-stricken workers and peasants.