Types of Tissues
Section 6 Types of Tissue
OBJECTIVES:
Upon completing this section, you will be able to: 1. Define the word histology. 2. Name and briefly describe the four basic types of tissue. 3. Name the three subtypes of simple epithelial tissue. 4. List the five main subtypes of connective tissue. 5. Name the three subtypes of muscle tissue. 6. Name the two types of nerve tissue.
68
Section 6 Types of Tissue
HISTOLOGY
Histology is the microscopic study of cells, tissues, and organs. Also called microscope anatomy, histology has two basic classes: 1) normal histology— the study of normal tissues, and 2) pathologic histology—the study of diseased tissue. Malignancies are diagnosed according to the pattern of cellular growth and deviations of individual cells from their normal forms. Nurses involved with the treatment of malignancies must possess a knowledge of histology in order to understand the anatomy and classification of tumors. In this section, we will review the four basic types of tissue, their functions and locations, and the terms used to describe these tissues—terms such as squamous, stratified, cuboidal, columnar, and others. We are interested in the types of normal body tissue for two reasons: 1) cancers are named according to the cells and tissues from which they arise, and you should be familiar with these names, and 2) different histologic types of cancers have different responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Basic Types of Tissue There are four basic types of tissue: 1) epithelial tissue, 2) connective tissue (blood, bone, cartilage) muscle tissue, and 4) nerve tissue. The primary tissues are divided into subtypes, which we will discuss shortly. Each tissue type is designed to perform a specific function. For instance, nerve tissue conducts nerve impulses, muscle tissues are contractile, and epithelial tissues cover body parts. Tissues differ in several ways: 1) according to the size, shape, and arrangement of their cells; 2) according to the
OBJECTIVES:
Upon completing this section, you will be able to: 1. Define the word histology. 2. Name and briefly describe the four basic types of tissue. 3. Name the three subtypes of simple epithelial tissue. 4. List the five main subtypes of connective tissue. 5. Name the three subtypes of muscle tissue. 6. Name the two types of nerve tissue.
68
Section 6 Types of Tissue
HISTOLOGY
Histology is the microscopic study of cells, tissues, and organs. Also called microscope anatomy, histology has two basic classes: 1) normal histology— the study of normal tissues, and 2) pathologic histology—the study of diseased tissue. Malignancies are diagnosed according to the pattern of cellular growth and deviations of individual cells from their normal forms. Nurses involved with the treatment of malignancies must possess a knowledge of histology in order to understand the anatomy and classification of tumors. In this section, we will review the four basic types of tissue, their functions and locations, and the terms used to describe these tissues—terms such as squamous, stratified, cuboidal, columnar, and others. We are interested in the types of normal body tissue for two reasons: 1) cancers are named according to the cells and tissues from which they arise, and you should be familiar with these names, and 2) different histologic types of cancers have different responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Basic Types of Tissue There are four basic types of tissue: 1) epithelial tissue, 2) connective tissue (blood, bone, cartilage) muscle tissue, and 4) nerve tissue. The primary tissues are divided into subtypes, which we will discuss shortly. Each tissue type is designed to perform a specific function. For instance, nerve tissue conducts nerve impulses, muscle tissues are contractile, and epithelial tissues cover body parts. Tissues differ in several ways: 1) according to the size, shape, and arrangement of their cells; 2) according to the