What Was The Union's Strategy During The Civil War

Definitions
1. Jefferson Davis – president of the Confederacy
2. Palmito Ranch – last battle of Civil War; minor Confederate victory
3. Juneteenth – June 19, 1865: Texan slaves first hear about the Emancipation Proclamation and are freed; important holiday for future blacks in Texas
4. Richard Dowling and the Davis Guards – Fought and won in the Battle of Sabine Pass which stopped a Union invasion of TX; considered heroes after (Richard Dowling was commander)
5. Martial law – law imposed by the military in cases of emergency
6. Albert Sidney Johnston – second in command of Confederacy under Jefferson Davis; killed in the battle of Shiloh. Had a small wound and told the doctor not to worry about it, but ended up dying from the wound
7. Ulysses S. Grant – Commander of the Union army
8. Abraham Lincoln – President of the Union
9. Robert E. Lee – Commander of the Army of Northern Virginia (confederate); known as the greatest general of the Confederacy
10. Fort Sumter – First battle of the Civil War; Union victory
11. Freedmen’s Bureau – A federal agency that helped former slaves during the Reconstruction
12. Black codes (Jim Crow laws) – Laws meant to segregate black men
13. Uncle Tom’s Cabin – An anti-slavery novel by Harriet Stowe that depicts slave life
14. Missouri Compromise – An important compromise that prohibited slavery north of the parallel 36°30′ north, except for Missouri
15. Abolitionists – People who work to abolish (do away with) slavery
16. Andrew Johnson – president after Lincoln’s assassination; in favor of Lincoln’s ideals
17. States’ Rights – The political powers reserved to the states governments rather than the federal government
18. Reconstruction – The period of time after the Civil War when the states were slowly brought back to the Union
19. Andrew J. Hamilton – The president of Texas appointed by Lincoln during Reconstruction
20. The Ironclad Oath – The oath made by citizens of the Confederacy to stay with the Union during Reconstruction
21. Edmund J. Davis – 14th Governor of Texas
22. Battle of Shiloh – Bloodiest battle of the Civil War; Union victory
23. Battle of Gettysburg – Place of Pickett’s Charge; Union victory
24. Dred Scott Case – A landmark Supreme Court case which ruled that blacks could not sue in court because they were not legally US citizens.
25.
Kansas Nebraska Act – An act that repealed the Missouri Compromise by deciding the issue of slavery in Kansas and Nebraska via. Popular sovereignty

Answers
26. What was the Emancipation Proclamation, when was it issued, and who issued it? The Emancipation Proclamation was an executive order that freed all slaves in “states still in rebellion.” It was issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863.
27. Why was the location of Texas important during the Civil War? It was far away from the Union, so it was mostly untouched during the war.
28. Explain the Union’s strategy during the Civil War. They blocked supplies to the Confederacy and destroyed Confederate towns.
29. Name at least 3 advantages of the South during the Civil War.
Defending their homeland gave a stronger reason to fight
Had skills that made them good soldiers (using a gun)
Had many of the best officers of the United States
30. Name at least 3 advantages of the North during the Civil War.
Had almost 4 times as many free citizens
Had a strong navy and fleet
Had more than 70% of the nation’s rail lines
31. What role did cotton play in the Civil War? Cotton was the main source of income for the South.
32. Name 5 causes of the Civil War.
States’
Rights
Secession
Election of Abraham Lincoln
Slavery
Taxes
33. Put the following events in the correct order of their occurrence:
Lincoln elected the 16th President of the United States
The southern states begin seceding
The beginning of the Civil War at Fort Sumter, South Carolina
The Battle at Palmito Ranch
34. What initially caused the South to begin secession? The election of Lincoln.
35. Name the 11 Confederate states in the order that they seceded.
South Carolina
Mississippi
Florida
Alabama
Georgia
Louisiana
Texas
Virginia
Arkansas
Tennessee
North Carolina
36. Name the border slave states that remained in the Union.
Delaware
Maryland
Kentucky
Missouri
West Virginia
37. The Civil War took place during what years? 1861-1865
38. Explain the significance of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments. The 13th amendment frees all former slaves. The 14th amendment defines “citizenship” and deals with post-war issues. The 15th amendment gives the right to vote to all peoples.
39. Define: states’ rights. The political powers reserved to the states governments rather than the federal government.
40. When was Juneteenth and what was its significance? June 19, 1865: Texan slaves first hear about the Emancipation Proclamation and are freed; important holiday for future blacks in Texas.
41. List some important details from the online notes about the life and leadership role of Grant.
Real name “Hiram Ulysses Grant,” but they got his name confused and he lived with it
Graduated at West Point in the bottom half of his class
He horseback rode as recreation
42. List some important details from the online notes about the life and leadership role of Lee.
Graduated from West Point without a single demerit
Offered a leadership role in the Union army by Lincoln, but declines
Did not believe in slavery and was against secession but felt he owed loyalty to his state
43. Who were the Radical Republicans? A faction of American politicians during Reconstruction that were strongly against slavery and had harsh ideals for re-admission into the Union.
44. Know which battles took place in Texas and who won them.
45. Understand the role slavery played in the Civil War.