Why Invade Gallipoli

CAUSES why invade Gallipoli one of the main causes to invade was the need to capture the Dardanelles straights to give the Russians the supplies and to help stall the advance into Russia from the Turks so they were to invade Gallipoli capture the Dardanelles straights and knock turkey of the war as an added bonus. cause of the first World War
The immediate cause for World War 1 was the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his pregnant wife Sophie. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was the nephew of Emperor Franz Josef and heir to the throne of Austria and Hungary. The assassination was planned by a Serbian terrorist group, called The Black Hand and the man who shot Franz Ferdinand and his wife was a Bosnian revolutionary
named Gavrilo Princip.
GALLIPOLI CAMPAIGN Gallipoli campaign: April 1915-1916
The landing on Gallipoli, which took place on April 25, 1915, met with a strong Turkish defence lead by Turkish leader Mustafa Kemal who was the future president of Turkey and later known as Ataturk, and directed skilfully by the German commander Otto Liman von Sanders.
For the rest of the year, Allied forces, including large amounts from Australia and New Zealand, were effectively held at the beaches where they had landed, hampered by cautious and bad leadership from their British commander, Sir Ian Hamilton. Hamilton was replaced near the end of 1915 by Charles Monro, who recommended that the Allies abandon the operation. The armies were fully evacuated by the end of January 1916. evacuation: The New Zealand brigades returned to Anzac on 8-9 November. While they had received some fresh reinforcements from Egypt, every unit was below strength and their health remained poor. The beginning of winter did not help their weak bodies. Frostbite and hypothermia became common as cold rain, icy wind and snow lashed the peninsula. A huge storm at the end of November flooded trenches and caused many deaths among the exposed troops.
The terrible conditions, and the Ottomans’ growing strength, finally convinced the British to order the evacuation of Suvla and Anzac on 22 November. Planning moved quickly and, in just like the landings of April, efficiently. To maintain security, troops were told their units were heading to Lemnos for a rest, although rumours of evacuation were around as stores disappeared and supplies were not
replaced.

Drip rifle The drip rifle was comprised of 2 ration tins one filled with water and one was not the one filled with water was above the empty tin and it had a small drip hole in the bottom so that the water dripped into the empty tin filling it up and when the bottom tin filled up enough it fell down and using string tied to the tin it pulled the trigger and fired the gun. This constant shooting fooled the Turks into believing that the allies were still in the trenches firing their rifles

DARDANELLES
Dardanelles campaign
As the only waterway between the Black Sea in the east and the Mediterranean Sea in the west, the Dardanelles was a much-contested area from the beginning of World War I. The stakes for both sides were high: British control over the strait would mean a direct line to the Russian navy in the Black Sea, enabling the supply of munitions to Russian forces in the east and facilitating cooperation between the two sides. The Allies were also competing with the Central Powers for support in the Balkans, and the British hoped that a victory against Turkey would persuade one or all of the neutral states of Greece, Bulgaria and Romania to join the war on the Allied side. Finally, as British Foreign Secretary Edward Grey put it, the approach of such a powerful Allied fleet toward the heart of the Ottoman Empire might provoke a coup d’état in Constantinople, leading Turkey to abandon the Central Powers and return to its earlier neutrality.
Support from the rest of the British war command came none too soon for Winston Churchill (1874-1965), the British first lord of the admiralty (akin to the secretary of the U.S. Navy), who had long been a proponent of an aggressive naval assault against Turkey at the Dardanelles. Though others, especially the French military command, led by Joseph Joffre, argued that the navy should not strike until ground troops could be spared from the Western Front, Churchill pushed to begin immediately.
Dardanelles campaign: march 1914
The attack, planned throughout the winter of 1915, opened on March 18, 1915, when six English and four French battleships headed toward the strait.
The Turks were aware that an Allied naval attack on the strait was a strong possibility, and with German help, had greatly improved their defences in the region. Though the Allies had bombarded and destroyed the Turkish forts near the entrance to the Dardanelles in the days leading up to the attack, the water was heavily mined, forcing the Allied navy to sweep the area before its fleet could set forth. However, the minesweepers did not manage to clear the area completely: Three of the 10 Allied battleships (Britain’s Irresistible and Ocean, and France’s Bouvet) were sunk, and two more were badly damaged.
With half the fleet out of commission, the remaining ships were pulled back. Though Churchill argued for the attack to be renewed the next day, claiming, erroneously as it turned out, that the Turks were running low on munitions, the Allied war command opted to delay the naval attack at the Dardanelles and combine it with a ground invasion of the Gallipoli Peninsula, which bordered the northern side of the strait.

ANZAC DAY
The first Anzac day
The first Anzac day was a way for politics to remind young soldiers of their duty to volunteer for the war service. The first Anzac day was held on the 25th of April 1916 New Zealanders took part in commemorative activities in Malta, Egypt and London, where crowds lined the streets to watch 2000 New Zealand and Australian soldiers march to Westminster Abbey for a commemorative service