After the Civil War, women were able to work outside gender roles. Women often had to perform housework that allowed mining families to survive in harsh conditions. Women had to stay home to cook, clean, and care for their children. Working class women worked in shops, saloons, boarding houses, and brothels. Married women were excluded from the Homestead Act since they were considered the legal dependents of their husbands. Unmarried women were able to file claims on their own. While men worked in the fields, women had to tend the house and keep the family fed. In the late 1800s, women participated in the labor movement by starting boycotts. Women were active in both the civil rights movement and the labor movement. Two women …show more content…
They did not think they needed much education considering they were going to grow up to be housewives and mothers. Basic education for girls and women involved in reading, writing, and more feminine activities such as sewing. Women were a part of the larger percentage of American college students in separate schools or co-educational institutions. The participation of women in social and cultural life became a public discussion over American masculinity. During the Progressive Era, women played a huge role in activism and the movement for equal rights. Clubs were formed by women to march for their rights and stand up for themselves. The General Federation of Women’s Clubs and the National Association of Colored Women were both controlled by upper-middle class and educated women. During World War I, women joined several military services and volunteered in civilian organizations. Volunteer opportunities allowed women to appear in public spaces and promote activities for the war. The New Woman, also known as the flapper, showed a new perspective on women and how they represented femininity. They styled their hair to be shorter, wore short skirts and dresses and revealed more skin. The Great Depression caused women to lose their jobs and married women were most