Work Motivation And Performance

APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY: AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW, 2000, 49 (3), 357±371

Work Motivation and Performance: A Social
Identity Perspective
Daan van Knippenberg
University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
La motivation au travail et les performances ont eÂte analyseÂes dans la perspective de la theÂorie de l 'identite sociale et de celle de l 'auto-cateÂgorisation.
Centrale aÁ cette analyse se trouve la relation entre l 'identification organisationnelle et la motivation d 'exercer un effort pour le compte de la collectiviteÂ.
Une analyse theÂorique et une revue d ' eÂtudes empiriques relatives aux relations entre cette identification organisationnelle et la motivation et les performances conduisent aÁ la conclusion: l 'identification est lieÂe positivement aÁ la motivation au travail, avec les performances dans la reÂalisation des taÃches et dans le contexte, pour autant a) que l 'identite sociale soit saillante et que b) les performances eÂleveÂes soient percËues comme eÂtant dans l 'inteÂreÃt du groupe ou de l 'organisation.
Work motivation and performance were analysed from the perspective of social identity theory and self-categorisation theory. Central in this analysis is the relation of organisational identification with the motivation to exert effort on behalf of the collective. A theoretical analysis as well as a review of empirical studies of the relationship of organisational identification with motivation and performance leads to the conclusion that identification is positively related to work motivation, task performance, and contextual performance to the extent that (a) social identity is salient, and (b) high performance is perceived to be in the group 's or organisation 's interest.

INTRODUCTION
The study of work motivation and performance forms one of the key issues in research in organisational behaviour. Although a variety of motivations may affect performance, and performance may be contingent on a multitude of other factors, one of the more important

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