Preview

Works Cited Argumentative

Best Essays
Open Document
Open Document
258 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Works Cited Argumentative
Works Cited
"The Dove® Campaign for Real Beauty." The Dove® Campaign for Real Beauty. Web. 19 Mar. 2015. <http://www.dove.us/Social-Mission/campaign-for-real-beauty.aspx>.
Dill, Karen, and Kathryn Thill. "Video Game Characters and the Socialization of Gender Roles: Young People 's Perceptions Mirror Sexist Media Depictions." Sex Roles (2007): 851-64. Print.
Zimmerman, Amanda, and John Dahlberg. "The Sexual Objectification of Women in Advertising: A Contemporary Cuitural Perspective." Journal of Advertising Resaearch (2008): 71-79. Print.
Stankiewicz, Julie M., and Francine Rosselli. "Women As Sex Objects And Victims In Print Advertisements." Sex Roles: 579-89. Print.
Kilbourne, J. (1999). Can’t buy my love: How advertising changes the way we think and feel. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Fox, Roy F., and George Gerbner. Harvesting Minds: How TV Commercials Control Kids. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1996. Print.
Low, K. G.; Charanasomboon, S.; Brown, C.; Hiltunen, G.; Long, K.; Reinhalter, K.; Jones, H. (2003). "Internalization of the Thin Ideal, Weight and Body Image Concerns". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 31: 81–89.
Bessenoff, Gayle R. "Can The Media Affect Us? Social Comparison, Self-Discrepancy, And The Thin Ideal." Psychology of Women Quarterly: 239-51. Print.
Pinhas, Leora, Brenda B. Toner, Alisha Ali, Paul E. Garfinkel, and Noreen Stuckless. "The Effects of the Ideal of Female Beauty on Mood and Body Satisfaction." International Journal of Eating Disorders (1998): 223-26
"Full Bio." Jean Kilbourne. 27 May 2012. Web. 20 Mar. 2015. <http://www.jeankilbourne.com/bio/>.
"College of Education." College of Education. Web. 20 Mar. 2015. <http://education.missouri.edu/faculty/LTC/Fox_Roy.php>.



Cited: "The Dove® Campaign for Real Beauty." The Dove® Campaign for Real Beauty. Web. 19 Mar. 2015. <http://www.dove.us/Social-Mission/campaign-for-real-beauty.aspx>. Dill, Karen, and Kathryn Thill. "Video Game Characters and the Socialization of Gender Roles: Young People 's Perceptions Mirror Sexist Media Depictions." Sex Roles (2007): 851-64. Print. Zimmerman, Amanda, and John Dahlberg. "The Sexual Objectification of Women in Advertising: A Contemporary Cuitural Perspective." Journal of Advertising Resaearch (2008): 71-79. Print. Kilbourne, J. (1999). Can’t buy my love: How advertising changes the way we think and feel. New York: Simon and Schuster. Fox, Roy F., and George Gerbner. Harvesting Minds: How TV Commercials Control Kids. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1996. Print. Pinhas, Leora, Brenda B. Toner, Alisha Ali, Paul E. Garfinkel, and Noreen Stuckless. "The Effects of the Ideal of Female Beauty on Mood and Body Satisfaction." International Journal of Eating Disorders (1998): 223-26 "Full Bio." Jean Kilbourne "College of Education." College of Education. Web. 20 Mar. 2015. <http://education.missouri.edu/faculty/LTC/Fox_Roy.php>.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    In the article “Tow Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt” by Jean Kilbourne, which was published in 1999, describes how women are shown in today advertisements. Sex in advertising has taken a completely bizarre way to advertise about a certain product. Women are usually shown in inappropriate matter to attract consumer’s attention. Most of the advertisements today are based on pornography features. In addition, the use of sex content in advertisements has a negative impact on consumers because it shows women as a cheap tool in business. Those kinds of advertisements indicate that men are always the rulers and women are their easy target. Sexuality plays an important role in marketing and advertising today. Big companies earn…

    • 498 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    I have first-hand experience with advertising impacting my views and opinions. Jean Kilbourne, in Killing Us Softly IV, speaks about the influence that advertising has over people. According to Kilbourne, everyone feels equally unaffected by advertisements, when in reality, their effect is quick, cumulative, and subconscious (Killing Us Softly IV). This illustrates that advertisements sell more than just a tangible product: they sell ideas that we do not even realize we are absorbing. This understanding makes me think to how advertising affects children. When I was a child, I used to watch commercials with awe, falling into their trap of…

    • 2294 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    For the longest time now, advertising has played a huge role in how we identify ourselves in the United States with the American culture, and how others identify themselves with all the cultures of the rest of the world as well. It guides us in making everyday decisions, such as what items we definitely need to invest our money on, how to dress in-vogue, and what mindset we should have to prosper the most. Although advertising does help make life easier for most, at the same time it has negative affects on the people of society as well. Advertisement discreetly manipulates the beliefs, morals, and values of our culture, and it does so in a way that most of the time we don’t even realize it’s happened. In order to reach our main goal of prospering as a nation, we need to become more aware of the damage that has already been caused by this advertising and prevent it from negatively affecting us even further.…

    • 1589 Words
    • 46 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    An advertiser’s main goal is to make money by any means necessary. Therefore, it is no surprise that advertisements in the media today are preying upon young women’s insecurities and producing more and more advertisements that show how sex sells in the media. Throughout virtually any magazine or image in the media, a reader will find more women than men shown in the advertisements. Some of these advertisements include women interacting with men in a sexual manner, women wearing the slightest bit of clothing, if any, and women posing in provocative ways to sell a certain product. Virtually all of these advertisements and media images portray women who are extremely thin, sexy, and seductive in order to sell the products to either male or female consumers. Interestingly, the male consumer products that are advertised include women either being promiscuous with other women, or with men, while female consumer products only sometimes include men, yet nevertheless portray women seductively, beautifully, and in a way that appeals to men. The above collage helps showcase how advertisers use the idea that “sex sells” as a way to objectify women and hold them to the highest standards of beauty, thinness, and attractiveness to men, while simultaneously suggesting that in order for products to sell, women must sell the products in a sexual manner.…

    • 529 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In Jean Kilbourne’s essay, “Two Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt”: Advertising and Violence, she paints a picture of repression, abuse, and objectification of women. Kilbourne gives an eye-opening view to the way American advertisers portray women and girls. Throughout the essay she has images that depict women in compromising poses. These images are examples of how often we see women in dehumanizing positions in advertisements and how desensitized we have become. Kilbourne implores us to take the media more seriously. She is putting a microscope on society and showing that the objectification of women is acceptable.…

    • 1075 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Jean Kilbourne has spent most of her professional life teaching and lecturing about the world of advertising. She has produced award winning documentaries on images of women in ads, is a member of the national advisory council on alcohol abuse and alcoholism, and is a senior scholar at the Wellesley Center for Women at Wellesley College. Kilbourne has served twice as an adviser to the Surgeon General of the United States. Kilbourne has also written a book which is titled “The New Sexualized Childhood and What Parents Can Do to Protect Their Kids.” Another one is her book from 1999 “Can’t Buy My Love; How Advertising Changes the Way…

    • 1683 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    A wide variety of advertisements have been creating numerous images of men and women for years now regarding gender roles and sex diversity. The advertising industry in particular has formed the impression that “sex sells,” now using women’s bodies as sex objects (Ford, 2008). Previous research has shown men are being outnumbered when it comes to women being sexualized. More importantly, the advertising industry has shown what the “accurate” gender roles for men and women are to be. Men are to be dominant, tough, strong, independent, and detached. Contrastingly, women are to be dependent, loving mothers and wives, concerned with beauty, and emotional. This literature review will look at the ways magazine advertisements portray objects and figures,…

    • 146 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Women In Advertising

    • 3497 Words
    • 14 Pages

    It is safe to say that through out history advertising has been a major factor to large corporations around the world. In order to sell their products while maintaining a successful business, these large corporations have become extremely smart on how to get the viewers attention. Women and men are both used in advertisements, but as the world changes and the media continues to grow even larger, it seems women are a bigger target of objectification and portrayed as sex objects in these ads.…

    • 3497 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Video games have been rising in popularity and today has become a very profitable industry, beginning with the 1980s, from arcade classics like Asteroids, pinball, and Pac-Man to the postmodern console and computer gaming. (Sherman 243) With the rise of video games came the perpetuation of a gender disparity as a result of the emerged gaming culture and from the video games themselves. (Sherman 245) This gender disparity is evident from looking at the female gamers, who often experience sexism from male gamers and apparent in the production of video game characters and how female characters can be subjected to over-sexualization and objectification by the developers. Video games have often been considered something “men/boys do” and it is…

    • 1292 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    African-American Women

    • 1044 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Women, beauty, sex, money--they may seem like completely unrelated words but when combined together create a powerful driving force within American society. This “driving force” is known as media, though, in this essay, I will be focusing mainly on advertisements. There are a variety of ads being made everyday and can be spotted almost everywhere; billboards, magazines, shops, and even online, just to name a few. However, many of these ads--ranging from food to fashion--have began involving women in them. Not just any women either; these women are the idealized women American society has conceptualized as they flaunt their bodies whilst also implying sexual themes. Individuals, literally and figurative, by into the way these advertisements…

    • 1044 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Today’s society uses much more sexual advertisement then years in the past. They portray young women and men as objects, as they try to vigorously force a product down a person’s throat, by trying to sexually please them or conform to their social norms. However many people that watch these advertisements go buy the product, because there is images of sexually appeasing men and women. In this paper I will summarize the effects that advertising agencies have on people, as well covering the dehumanization of the people modeling and whether the agencies are actually selling their product or there conformity for sex.…

    • 990 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Women In Video Games

    • 1287 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The way women are sexually portrayed in video games is pathetic. The lack of effort to change this is disappointing, and sadly women’s portrayal in video games is an accurate representation of how this country view women. By portraying women negatively in video games, designers are adding to the normalization of certain gender roles. From early on in video games women have been over sexualized, current games have not changed the view of women, and kids are being misinformed on how women should be in the real world.…

    • 1287 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Gender In Advertising

    • 484 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Women were overrepresented in advertisements for cosmetics and were less likely to appear in advertisements for cars, trucks and related products. Seventy-five percent of all advertisements using women were for products found in the kitchen or bathroom, reinforcing the stereotype that a woman’s place is in the home. Women as compared to men were portrayed mostly in house settings rather than business settings. Women did not make important decisions and lastly women were depicted as dependent on men and were regarded primarily as sexual objects. Courtney and Whipple (1974) defined sexual objects as, where women had no role in the commercial, but appeared as an item of decoration. Jake Lake and Brad Wadden say, in the portrayal of women in the media that advertisements promote extreme thinness or a thin waist and big breasts, misleading because these models don’t represent the majority of the population. These advertisements have women in them looking good but very seldom are they talking. These advertisements put pressure on women to get that “thin look”. This extra pressure leads to low self-esteem and eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia. Women are also portrayed as domestic laborers. Women are very seldom showing as career oriented in these advertisements. (Cited in Amber: 2002). Hall et al (1994) reports that in most of advertisement majority of women featured appeared in leisurewear or swimwear. Although the largest category of male apparel in work clothes; very few commercials showed women in work…

    • 484 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Body Image and Media

    • 3679 Words
    • 15 Pages

    Sociocultural standards of feminine beauty are presented in almost all forms of popular media, barraging women with images that portray what is considered to be the "ideal body." Such standards of beauty are almost completely unattainable for most women. A majority of the models displayed on television and in advertisements are well below what is considered healthy body weight. Mass media's use of such unrealistic models sends an implicit message that in order for a woman to be considered beautiful, she must be unhealthy. The mindset that a person can never be " too thin" is all too prevalent in society, and it makes it difficult for females to achieve any level of contentment with their physical appearance. There are many different perspectives that can be used to explain why and how women internalize the thin-ideal persuaded by the media. These theories include: social comparison, cultivation, and self-schema. Each perspective has helped researchers examine mechanisms by which the media images are translated into body image disturbance in women. They also provide explanations for why some females are particularly vulnerable to the detrimental effects of the media, while others display remarkable levels of resiliency.…

    • 3679 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    (Eds.), Featuring females: Feminist analyses of the media. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Dill, K. E., & Thill, K. P. (in press) Video game characters and the socialization of gender roles: Young people’s perceptions mirror sexist media depictions. Sex Roles Dill, K. E., Brown, B. P., & Collins, M. A. (2007). Effects of Media Stereotypes on Sexual Harassment Judgments and Rape Supportive Attitudes: Popular Video Game Characters, Gender, Violence and Power. Manuscript in Preparation. Epstein, L. H, Beecher, M. D., Graf, J. L., & Roemmich, J. L. (2007). Choice of interactive dance and bicycle games in overweight and non-overweight youth, Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 33(2), 124-131. Funk, J. B. (1993). Video games: Benign or malignant? Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 13, 53-54. Funk, J. B., & Buchman, D. D. (1996). Playing violent computer games and adolescent self concept, Journal of Communication, 46, 19-32. Gentile, D. A., & Gentile, J. R. (in press) Violent video games as exemplary teachers: A conceptual analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. Koepp, M. J. Gunn, R. N., Lawrence A. D. Cunningham, V. J. Dagher, A. Jones, T et al. (1998). Evidence for striatal dopamine release during a video game, Nature, 393, 266-268. Konami’s Dance Dance Revolution provides health benefits to children of West Virginia (2007, February 1). West Virginia University Today, Retreived July 23, 2007 from http://wvutoday.wvu.edu/news/page/5213/ Lachlan, K.A., Smith, S.L. & Tamborini, R. (2005). Models for aggressive behavior: The attributes of violent characters in popular video games, Communication Studies, 56, 313-329. O’Hannon, C. (2007) Eat breakfast, drink milk, play Xbox, T H E Journal, 34. Suler, J. (2004). Computer and cyberspace addiction. International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies, 1, 359-362. Walsh, DA. (2004). Why Do They Act That Way? A Survival Guide to the Adolescent Brain for You and Your Teen. New York: Free Press. Walsh, D. A. (2006, June) Violent and Explicit Video Games: Informing Parents and Protecting Children, Testimony given before the US House of Representatives Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection…

    • 1892 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays