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Young Novice Drivers in Australia

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Young Novice Drivers in Australia
PYB372 Assessment 1: Annotated Bibliography and Synthesis

Young Novice Drivers in Australia:
Inexperience and Presence of Passengers on Crash Risk

Student Name: Chun-Wen CHENG
Student No.: 07097859
Coordinator: Dr Mark King
Tutor: Alexia Lennon & Lyndel Bates
Due Date: 28/03/12
Word Count: Bibliography (1150) & Synthesis (1546)

Annotated Bibliography
Chen, L., et al. (2000). "Carrying passengers as a risk factor for crashes fatal to 16- and
17-year-old drivers." JAMA 283(12): 1578-1582.
This study attempts to determine whether the presence of passengers is associated with an increased risk of crash fatal to 16 and 17 years old drivers. Permission was obtained from the fatality analysis reporting system and general estimates system as well as the Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey. The authors found that the risk of death for the 16 or 17 year old driver increases with the number of passengers carried. They offer many possible explanations for the increased risk of injury and death. Most importantly, the authors discussed graduated driver licensing. In this system, the new driver is initially allowed to driver only with supervision and in the daylight hours. Once experience is gained, then the new driver is allowed more independence.
Engström, I., N. P. Gregersen, et al. (2008). "Young drivers—Reduced crash risk with passengers in the vehicle." Accident Analysis & Prevention 40(1): 341-348.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the passengers (whether presence or absence) on the risk of being involved in a crash among young drivers. To fulfil the purpose, data from the national accident database and from a database including exposure data in Sweden have been used. Result shows the rate from the total number of crashes from 1994 to 2000 involving drivers in different age groups (18-24, 25-64 and >65 years) with and without passengers was lower in the presence of passengers. The data also indicate


References: Australian Bureau of Statistics 2006d, Causes of Death, Australia, 2004, Cat. No. 3303.0, ABS, Canberra. Boufous, S., Ivers, R., Senserrick, T., & Stevenson, M. (2011). Attempts at the Practical On- Road Driving Test and the Hazard Perception Test and the Risk of Traffic Crashes in Young Drivers Chen L, B. S. P. B. E. R. L. G. (2000). Carrying passengers as a risk factor for crashes fatal to 16- and 17-year-old drivers Engström, I., Gregersen, N. P., Granström, K., & Nyberg, A. (2008). Young drivers— Reduced crash risk with passengers in the vehicle Ivers, R. (2009). Novice drivers’ risky driving behaviour, risky perception, and crash risk: fondings from the DRIVE study Lee, C., & Abdel-Aty, M. (2008). Presence of passengers: Does it increase or reduce driver 's crash potential? Accident Analysis & Prevention, 40(5), 1703-1712 Shope, J. T., & Bingham, C. R. (2008). Teen Driving: Motor-Vehicle Crashes and Factors That Contribute Simons-Morton, B., Lerner, N., & Singer, J. (2005). The observed effects of teenage passengers on the risky driving behavior of teenage drivers Tefft, B. C., Williams, A. F., & Grabowski, J. G. (2012). Teen Driver Risk in Relation to Age and Number of Passengers, United States, 2007–2010
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