Field Marshal The Right Honourable
The Earl Haig
KT GCB OM GCVO KCIE ADC
Douglas Haig.jpg
Field Marshal Douglas Haig
Nickname "Master of the Field"[1]
"the Butcher of the Somme"[2] or
'Butcher' Haig.[3]
Born 19 June 1861
Charlotte Square, Edinburgh, Scotland
Died 29 January 1928 (aged 66)
21 Prince's Gate, London
Allegiance United Kingdom
Service/branch British Army
Years of service 1884–1920
Rank Field Marshal (1917)
Battles/wars Mahdist War
Second Boer War
First World War
Awards Knight of the Order of the Thistle (1917)
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (1915)
Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (1913)
Companion of the Order of the Bath (1901)
Member of the Order of Merit (1919)
Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (1916)
Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (1909)
Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (1911)
Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig of Bemersyde, KT GCB OM GCVO KCIE ADC (19 June 1861 – 29 January 1928) was a British senior officer during World War I. He commanded the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) from 1915 to the end of the war. He was commander during the Battle of the Somme, the battle with one of the highest casualties in British military history, the Third Battle of Ypres, and the Hundred Days Offensive, which led to the armistice in 1918.[4][5][6]
Although a popular commander during the immediate post-war years,[7] with his funeral becoming a day of national mourning, Haig has since the 1960s become an object of criticism for his leadership during the First World War. Some called him "Butcher Haig" for the two million British casualties under his command, and regard him as representing the very concept of class-based incompetent commanders, stating that he was unable to grasp modern tactics and technologies.[7][8]
However, Major-General Sir John