Motivation
Complete the following matrix. When presenting real world examples, do not use the examples listed in the text.
Theories of Motivation
Theory Type
Key components of the theory
Real world example
Similarities and Differences
Instinct Theories
Stems from our biological make-up.
A mother comforting a child that has scraped their knee.
Most behaviors are not unlearned and are not purely motivated by our instincts.
Evolutionary Theories
Behaviors that people carry out regardless of their cultures.
Detecting cheaters or diffusing a violent confrontation
The similarity between sisters is inherited, but the similarity between an Michael Jackon impersonators is the cosmetic look that was created.
Drive Theories
The fulfillment of basic needs.
Smelling a freshly baked apple pie and tasting it when it is cool enough to eat it.
Eating when you not hungry.
Arousal Theories
Seek out a particular level of excitement.
Driving at a speed of 100 mph to get a rush from the fastness.
A person might watch an exciting movie or go for a run to increase arousal. On the other hand, a person would probably look for ways to relax such as taking a long relaxing drive, meditating or reading a book to decrease extreme arousal.
Incentive Theories
Obtaining a reward after the execution of a task, an action or a series of actions.
A child receiving a ipod after getting all “A” on there report card.
Learning that studying with friends is cool and fun. However it may not generate the desired results around test time,so studying alone is the motivation needed to get the reward of a good test score.
Hierarchical Theories
Satisfying each lower level of motivation to reach self-actualzation
Becoming the CEO of a company that you have been with for many years.
Satisfy the lower needs of our lives first before moving on to the higher ones may divert us to appreciate the reson for basic needs.