multidrug resistant tb
RNTCP Response to Challenges of Drug resistant TB in India
January 2012 (Update)
Prevalence of Multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB):
MDR-TB is defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin (two of the most potent first line anti-TB drugs), with or without resistance to other first-line drugs. MDR TB is important because patients with this type of drug resistance respond extremely poorly to standard anti-TB treatment with first-line drugs. MDR TB requires relatively costly laboratory diagnosis and treatment for at least two-years with drugs that are expensive, toxic, and not particularly potent. A case of MDR TB is about 20-40 times more expensive to manage than a case of drug-sensitive TB, and patient suffering is magnified.
State representative community based drug resistance surveys carried out in the states of Gujarat (56m) and
Maharashtra (105m) and Andhra Pradesh (85m) estimate the prevalence of Multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) to be ~3% among new TB cases and 12-17% among previously-treated TB cases. These surveys have been used by WHO in the Global TB Report 2011, which estimated among the 1.5 million RNTCP-notified cases of pulmonary TB in India in 2010, approximately 64,000 cases of MDR TB could be diagnosed. Two more surveys are underway in the states of UP (85m) and Tamil Nadu (67m) and there is a plan to undertake a survey in
Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh in near future. There is no information about the prevalence of MDR-TB among TB cases treated in the private sector, as the private sector in India does not notify TB cases to RNTCP.
Emerging threat of Extensively drug resistance TB (XDR-TB):
As with all infectious diseases, the more severe the drug-resistance profile, the more difficult it becomes to successfully treat the patient. XDR-TB is a severe and serious form of MDR-TB, which responds very poorly to
MDR TB treatment. XDR TB is defined as resistance to at least Rifampicin, Isoniazid (i.e. MDR TB) plus resistance to
January 2012 (Update)
Prevalence of Multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB):
MDR-TB is defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin (two of the most potent first line anti-TB drugs), with or without resistance to other first-line drugs. MDR TB is important because patients with this type of drug resistance respond extremely poorly to standard anti-TB treatment with first-line drugs. MDR TB requires relatively costly laboratory diagnosis and treatment for at least two-years with drugs that are expensive, toxic, and not particularly potent. A case of MDR TB is about 20-40 times more expensive to manage than a case of drug-sensitive TB, and patient suffering is magnified.
State representative community based drug resistance surveys carried out in the states of Gujarat (56m) and
Maharashtra (105m) and Andhra Pradesh (85m) estimate the prevalence of Multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) to be ~3% among new TB cases and 12-17% among previously-treated TB cases. These surveys have been used by WHO in the Global TB Report 2011, which estimated among the 1.5 million RNTCP-notified cases of pulmonary TB in India in 2010, approximately 64,000 cases of MDR TB could be diagnosed. Two more surveys are underway in the states of UP (85m) and Tamil Nadu (67m) and there is a plan to undertake a survey in
Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh in near future. There is no information about the prevalence of MDR-TB among TB cases treated in the private sector, as the private sector in India does not notify TB cases to RNTCP.
Emerging threat of Extensively drug resistance TB (XDR-TB):
As with all infectious diseases, the more severe the drug-resistance profile, the more difficult it becomes to successfully treat the patient. XDR-TB is a severe and serious form of MDR-TB, which responds very poorly to
MDR TB treatment. XDR TB is defined as resistance to at least Rifampicin, Isoniazid (i.e. MDR TB) plus resistance to