T-φ gram
T-φ gram
Determination of Unreported Meteorological Quantities from T-φ gram
1. Mixing Ratio (W):- It is the ratio of the mass of water vapour to the mass of dry air containing the vapours at a certain temperature. It is expressed in gm/kg.
On T-φ gram from dew point temperature we follow isohygric doted green line and read the value at the base. (It can be calculated at all levels where dew point temperature is available).
2. Saturation Mixing Ratio (Ws) :- Mixing ratio at saturation point is called saturation mixing ratio. On T-φ gram from dry bulb temperature we follow isohygric doted green line and read the value at the base. (It can be calculated at all levels where dry bulb temperature is available).
3. Relative Humidity :- R.H. % = Mixing ratio (W) x 100 Saturation mixing (Ws)
Example: 22 x 100 = 80% 25
4. Lifting Condensation Level (L.C.L.) : It is the level to which unsaturated air would have to be raised in a dry adiabates expansion to produce condensation. On T-φ gram, it is calculated as follow:
“From dry bulb temperature follow along dry adiabate and from dew point follow along isohygric doted green line at the same pressure level, the point of intersection of these two lines is the L.C.L.”
It can be calculated at all levels where temperature and dew point is available. It is the level to which the base of the connective clouds (Cu, Cb) lies.
5. Convective Condensation Level (C.C.L) : The temperature of the surface parcel of air whose dry adiabates passes through the above point will give the temperature to which the surface air must be heated if clouds are form as a result of simple heat convection
OR
The convective condensation level is the level at which convectional clouds (Cu) commences to form as the temperature rises.
As the temperature of the earth surface rises, a stage is eventually reached when the dry adiabate lapse rate extend up to the
Determination of Unreported Meteorological Quantities from T-φ gram
1. Mixing Ratio (W):- It is the ratio of the mass of water vapour to the mass of dry air containing the vapours at a certain temperature. It is expressed in gm/kg.
On T-φ gram from dew point temperature we follow isohygric doted green line and read the value at the base. (It can be calculated at all levels where dew point temperature is available).
2. Saturation Mixing Ratio (Ws) :- Mixing ratio at saturation point is called saturation mixing ratio. On T-φ gram from dry bulb temperature we follow isohygric doted green line and read the value at the base. (It can be calculated at all levels where dry bulb temperature is available).
3. Relative Humidity :- R.H. % = Mixing ratio (W) x 100 Saturation mixing (Ws)
Example: 22 x 100 = 80% 25
4. Lifting Condensation Level (L.C.L.) : It is the level to which unsaturated air would have to be raised in a dry adiabates expansion to produce condensation. On T-φ gram, it is calculated as follow:
“From dry bulb temperature follow along dry adiabate and from dew point follow along isohygric doted green line at the same pressure level, the point of intersection of these two lines is the L.C.L.”
It can be calculated at all levels where temperature and dew point is available. It is the level to which the base of the connective clouds (Cu, Cb) lies.
5. Convective Condensation Level (C.C.L) : The temperature of the surface parcel of air whose dry adiabates passes through the above point will give the temperature to which the surface air must be heated if clouds are form as a result of simple heat convection
OR
The convective condensation level is the level at which convectional clouds (Cu) commences to form as the temperature rises.
As the temperature of the earth surface rises, a stage is eventually reached when the dry adiabate lapse rate extend up to the