Unit 6 Study Guide Essay Example
Anatomy Review Sheet – Muscles (Be sure to use the muscle notes in the lecture folder to help you complete this assignment).
1. Name the three types of muscles.
• The three types of muscles are smooth, cardiac, and skeletal.
2. What is the muscle made up of that allows for muscle contraction?
• At the end of each motor neuron there are tiny vesicles that store chemicals called neurotransmitters that stimulate the muscle to contract.
3. What is the part of #2 that extends out?
• The plate that is densely branched. This allows them to attach to many muscle fibers.
4. What is the nerve cell that connects to several muscle fibers called?
• Motor neuron.
5. There are two types of protein filaments that make up a myofibril.
1. Which one is thick? Myosin.
2. Which one is thin? Actin.
6. What are the chemicals called that stimulate the muscle to contract?
• Neurotransmitters
7. What is the specific chemical from question 6 in muscles?
• Acetylcholine.
8. Where are these chemicals stored?
• Mitochondria in the muscle cells.
9. What is the combination of the motor neuron and the muscles it controls called?
• Motor Unit.
10. What is the energy storing molecule found in the mitochondrion?
• ADP which is converted into ATP is what is found in the mitochondrion.
11. What happens if there is a lack of the chemical in the previous question?
• Muscle cramp.
12. What is the chemical that builds up in muscles caused by strenuous exercise?
• The chemical that builds up in your muscles is called lactic acid.
13. What is the pigment that causes blood to be red?
• Hemoglobin is what causes the blood to be red.
14. What is the pigment that causes muscle to be brown?
• Myoglobin.
1. Name the three types of muscles.
• The three types of muscles are smooth, cardiac, and skeletal.
2. What is the muscle made up of that allows for muscle contraction?
• At the end of each motor neuron there are tiny vesicles that store chemicals called neurotransmitters that stimulate the muscle to contract.
3. What is the part of #2 that extends out?
• The plate that is densely branched. This allows them to attach to many muscle fibers.
4. What is the nerve cell that connects to several muscle fibers called?
• Motor neuron.
5. There are two types of protein filaments that make up a myofibril.
1. Which one is thick? Myosin.
2. Which one is thin? Actin.
6. What are the chemicals called that stimulate the muscle to contract?
• Neurotransmitters
7. What is the specific chemical from question 6 in muscles?
• Acetylcholine.
8. Where are these chemicals stored?
• Mitochondria in the muscle cells.
9. What is the combination of the motor neuron and the muscles it controls called?
• Motor Unit.
10. What is the energy storing molecule found in the mitochondrion?
• ADP which is converted into ATP is what is found in the mitochondrion.
11. What happens if there is a lack of the chemical in the previous question?
• Muscle cramp.
12. What is the chemical that builds up in muscles caused by strenuous exercise?
• The chemical that builds up in your muscles is called lactic acid.
13. What is the pigment that causes blood to be red?
• Hemoglobin is what causes the blood to be red.
14. What is the pigment that causes muscle to be brown?
• Myoglobin.