Renewable Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 1 COURSE CONTENT What is Petroleum Engineering? What Does Petroleum Mean? Generation of Petroleum Chemical Composition of Petroleum Petroleum Products Fractional Distillation The First Oil Well History of Oil in Malaysia Production Sharing Contract MOHD FAUZI HAMID 1 What is Petroleum Engineering? an engineering discipline concerned with the activities related to the production of hydrocarbons
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liquids. Reactivity The are relatively unreactive. Due to strong carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds. They do not react with acids‚ bases‚ oxidizing and reducing agents. They do burn and react with halogens under certain conditions. Fractional distillation of crude oil This is a Physical Process that includes the splitting of Van der Waals forces Petroleum is a mixture mainly of alkane hydrocarbons The process The crude oil is pre-heated in a furnace the mixture of liquid and vapor passes
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solute - Boiling is a much quicker process than evaporation and therefore is more commonly used - The technique is based on the large differences in boiling points of the solute and solvent - THIS TECHNIQUE DOES NOT RECOVER THE LIQUID Distillation or simple distillation - This is a technique of separating two or more liquids or separating the liquid from the solids in a solution but also retrieving the liquid component - This technique relies on a difference of at least 50ºC in boiling point between
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Chapter 15: • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. – Ex: Your textbook‚ you‚ your pen/pencil‚ air‚ etc. • Classification systems are used all the time to organize objects. – Ex: The Periodic Table of Elements‚ organizing your locker‚ your clothes‚ etc. • In order to make the study of matter easier to understand‚ scientists have developed ways to classify matter. • The properties of materials can be used to classify them into general categories. – Ex: Pure substances‚ elements
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Plastic Wastes into Fuels Antony Raja and Advaith Murali Department of Chemical Engineering‚ Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering‚ Sriperumbudur 602105‚ India Received: October 23‚ 2010 / Accepted: November 10‚ 2010 / Published: June 10‚ 2011. Abstract: Plastics have woven their way into our daily lives and now pose a tremendous threat to the environment. Over a 100 million tones of plastics are produced annually worldwide‚ and the used products have become a common feature at overflowing bins
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mixture of literally thousands of different hydrocarbons. The most important processes in the petroleum refining are fractional distillation‚ catalytic cracking and catalytic reforming. C. Coal Raw material for the production of organic compounds Synthesis gas‚ a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen‚ can be derived from natural gas‚ coal or petroleum. Fractional distillation of petroleum. The lighter‚ more volatile fractions are removed from higher up the column‚ and the heavier‚ less volatile
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simply asphalt. It is obtained by partial distillation of crude petroleum. In North America‚ bitumen is commonly known as “asphalt cement” or “asphalt”. It is a sticky‚ black and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum. The terms asphalt and bitumen are often used interchangeably to mean both natural and manufactured forms of the substance. In American English‚ asphalt (or asphalt cement) is the carefully refined residue from the distillation process of selected crude oils. Outside the
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Energy 1. Living organisms make compounds which are important sources of energy * outline the role of photosynthesis in transforming light energy to chemical energy and recall the raw materials for this processco2+h2oglucose+o2+h2othis is then stored as carbs and starch | * outline the role of the production of high energy carbohydrates from carbon dioxide as the important step in the stabilisation of the sun’s energy in a form that can be used by animals as well as plants harnesses
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as a product. The product formed is separated through distillation. Because more than one alkene product can result from the reaction‚ Gas Chromatography is used to analyze the composition of the product mixture. IR spectrometry is also carried out to confirm the product. Procedure This experiment was carried out as described in Class Pak. The heat source power was set to 3 for fractional distillation and to 2 for simple distillation. For both processes‚ aluminum foil was wrapped around
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Chem 205 I. Title and Equation: Unimolecular Elimination + 2 Isomers II. Experimental Procedure : In a flask‚ 0.081 mol of 2-methycyclohexanol and 3 mL of 85% H3PO4 were mixed. The mixture was boiled under a fractional distillation column‚ and 7 mL of the distillate was collected. The organic and aqueous layers were separated and the organic layer was dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The product was analyzed using GC. III. Conclusion: In this experiment‚ 2-methylcyclohexanol
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