SYNT m o d u l a r · l a b o r a t o r y · p r o g r a m · i n · publisher: H. A. Neidig c h e m i s t r y 738 organic editor: Joe Jeffers Copper-Catalyzed Oxidation of Benzoin to Benzil prepared by Carl T. Wigal‚ Lebanon Valley College PURPOSE OF THE EXPERIMENT Oxidize benzoin to benzil using ammonium nitrate and copper(II) ion as a catalyst‚ monitoring the reaction by thin-layer chromatography. Characterize the product using melting point measurement and infrared spectroscopy. EXPERIMENTAL
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by : Directorate of Education‚ Delhi SOME IMPORTANT REASONING BASED QUESTIONS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1. Chlorobenzene is less reactive than chloromethane. Ans. In chlorobenzene‚ each carbon atom of benzenering is sp2 hyridised and is electron withdrawing. Chlorine atom donates a lone pair of electron and acquire positive charge. The negative charge is delocalised on ortho and para position by resonance. C-Cl bond acquires partial double bond character and is 169 pm as compared to 17.0 pm in chloromethane
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(note: H2O does not dissociate completely‚ so it is a weak acid‚ and a weak base). HA (( H+ + A- Ex: acetic acid‚ CH3COOH CH3COOH (( CH3COO- + H+ It is possible to calculate pH of a weak acid solution‚ knowing its concentration and its pKa (acid dissociation constant). pKa acetic acid = 4.76; Ka = 1.75 x 10-5 = [CH3COO-][H+]/[CH3COOH] Calculate the pH of 0.15 M acetic acid in H2O. CH3COOH ((
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produced from the acid-base reaction of HCO3- with acetic acid (in vinegar). (2) To study the concept of limiting reactant. Background: Alka Seltzer is an effervescent tablet that contains aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)‚ citric acid‚ and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). As soon as the tablet dissolves in water‚ the NaHCO3 dissociates to form a bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) and a sodium ion (Na+) 1. NaHCO3(s) Na+(aq) + HCO3-(aq) Acetic acid‚ which will ‘donate’ H+ to water to create H3O+(aq)
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY IN FERMENTED FOOD: KIMCHI TASK : INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT NAME : ASRIE REZDHUAN PAUZI STUDENT ID : 1000216 COURSE CODE : FEG 2113 PROGRAMME : FOUNDATION IN ENGINEERING LECTURER : MS ANIS SURIANI IBRAHIM TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Executive Summary 2.0 Objectives and Problem Identification 2.1 Kimchi fermentation 2.2 Changes during kimchi fermentation 2.3 Does the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) is good? 2.4 Effects of kimchi on healthy 3.0 Statement
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(CH3CO-OCH2CH3) is made up of acetic acid (CH3CO-OH) in which the hydroxy group has been replaced by an ethoxy group (-OCH2CH3) Although esters can be produced by many mechanisms‚ the most commonly used method is called esterification‚ which is a condensation reaction between an alcohol and an acid‚ typically in the presence of a strong acid catalyst‚ such as sulfuric acid. For example‚ ethyl acetate can be produced by reacting ethanol (ethyl alcohol) with acetic acid and isopropyl butyrate by
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Lecture # 1 Organic Chemistry- 1. It is a science that deals with the study of Carbon compounds but not all compounds containing under organic compounds. Non-Organic Compounds a. CO- Carbon monoxide b. CO2- Carbon dioxide c. CO3- Carbonates d. HCO3- Hydrogen carbonates e. CN- -Cyanides 2. There are over millions of compounds and inorganic is approximately 100‚000. 3. A science that deals with matter obtained from natural or living sources. 4. Study of Carbon Compounds
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1. In the Luminol synthesis the compound being oxidized was the sodium hydrosulfite. 2. The purpose of the acetic acid is to pronate the dianon organic molecule to make the neutral organic compound‚ Luminol that will crash out of the solvent. If the number of moles were reversed for acetic acid and sodium hydroxide the solution would be very basic‚ and and the amount of Luminol produced would decrease. 3. The cold water was used to decrease the solubility of Luminol in the solvent and prevent further
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Reactions of acids Aim To investigate and compare some reactions of a strong acid‚ hydrochloric acid‚ and a weak acid‚ ethanoic acid (common name‚ acetic acid) Equipment Dropper bottles containing: • 0.1 M hydrochloric acid‚ HCl • 0.1 M ethanoic acid (acetic acid)‚ CH3COOH • 0.1 M sodium hydroxide‚ NaOH • 1 M hydrochloric acid‚ HCl • 1 M ethanoic acid (acetic acid)‚ CH3COOH • universal indicator solution • limewater (calcium hydroxide‚ Ca(OH)2) Marble chips (calcium carbonate‚ CaCO3) Copper(II) oxide
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weight/volume percent of acetic acid in vinegar by titration with sodium hydroxide to a phenolphthalein endpoint. This procedure may be modified by titrating an acidic beverage such 7-up or Sprite. Equipment and Material (Total Time 60 – 90 min.) Variety of Berel Pipet Long glass stirring rod Wash bottle 10-mL graduated cylinder 100 mL beakers Material NaOH‚ Sodium hydroxide Titrant solution White vinegar phenolphthalein Distilled water Discussion Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is the
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