Chapter 4 - Methane production 4.1 Microbial consortia and biological aspects of methane fermentation 4.2 Molecular biology of methanogens 4.3 Developments in bioreactor technology References Methane fermentation is a versatile biotechnology capable of converting almost all types of polymeric materials to methane and carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions. This is achieved as a result of the consecutive biochemical breakdown of polymers to methane and carbon dioxide in an environment
Premium Anaerobic digestion Methane Bacteria
CHAPTER TWO Beneficial bacteria in the environment and their uses. In today’s world‚ the environment and its related issues are steadily gaining a lot of importance. Some bacteria are helpful and are used to obtain balance in the environment. It has been seen that helpful bacteria are useful in dissolving organic sludge from water‚ breaking down the growth of algae‚ reducing the various noxious odours such as hydrogen sulfide odours‚ reducing ammonia levels‚ promoting faster growth of fish in the
Premium Bacteria Gut flora Immune system
Introduction: Being able to identify a particular bacterial species is important. It is very useful in knowing its risk of toxicity to humans or animals‚ its resistance or susceptibility to antibiotics‚ and determining how to control its growth or kill it altogether. The purpose of these procedures is to discovery the identity of an unknown microbe by observing its reactions to a barrage of chemical and physical tests. Different microorganisms react in different ways‚ due to their function‚ digestibility
Premium Bacteria Gram staining Enzyme
Production of materials 1B – identify the industrial source of ethylene from the cracking of some of the fractions from the refining of petroleum Industrial source of ethylene (ethene) * Obtained from Crude oil – fractional distillation * Heated to high temps * Components vaporise and rise up tower where condense and collect * Lower the boiling point‚ higher up tower compound rises * Separates crude oil into fraction each with different boiling range - Catalytic Cracking
Premium Ethanol Electrochemistry Oxygen
..................... .....................................................................5 3.5. Dry Milling Process ......................... .........................................................................6 3.6. Sugar Fermentation Process ......................... .............................................................6 3.7. Fractional Distillation Process ........................ ..........................................................7 3. Ethanol-based
Premium Ethanol fuel Ethanol Internal combustion engine
process of fermentation requires the use of bacteria which is a microbe. A big example of this is the production of bread which uses yeast to make the bread rise. This works as it is aerobic respiration so gives off carbon dioxide‚ making the bread rise. Another use of yeast is in anaerobic respiration which can ferment to create ethanol. This is then distilled through a process and creates alcohol which is one of the top grossing markets in the whole world. On a cellular level‚ fermentation is a way
Premium Bacteria
cellular respiration. Cellular respiration * a process by which energy from food is converted into chemical energy of ATP. * two types of cellular respiration are aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Table 1. Comparison between aerobic and anerobic respiration. Type of respirationCharacteristics | Aerobic | Anaerobic | Requires oxygen | YES | NO | Catabolic process | COMPLETE breakdown of glucose into 6 molecules of carbon dioxide | INCOMPLETE breakdown of food into organic molecules like
Free Cellular respiration Adenosine triphosphate Metabolism
OBJECTIVE: 1. To distinguish the bacteria abilities to metabolize various substrates and end products formed. 2. To observe the growth of different bacteria species in term of structures and its morphology based on different chemical substance applied. 3. To observe physiological and immunological properties utilized by different species of bacteria. INTRODUCTION: Bacteria biochemical testing can determine the types and numbers in terms of colony forming units of bacteria present in a
Premium Agar plate Bacteria Metabolism
Pure & Appl. Chern.‚ Vol. 64‚ No. 11‚ pp. 1731-1737‚1992‚ Printed in Great Britain. @ 1992 IUPAC Biosurfactants in industry N. KOSARIC Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Western Ontario‚ London‚ Ontario‚ Canada‚ N6A 5B9 ABSTRACT Biosurfactants (Microbial Surface Active Agents) have become recently an important product of biotechnology for industrial and medical applications. Thereason for their popularity‚ as high value microbial products‚ is primarily in
Premium Bacteria
respiration in yeast/onion cells. * Measure respiration rate using different substrates. * Measure respiration rate at different temperature. Introduction: In this laboratory experiment‚ we are given 3 task. The first one is respiration in yeast. Second is respiratory indicator and the third one is observing mitochondria in yeast/onion cell. The first experiment is about investigation of sugars yeast. We will determine which sugars yeast can be use for cell respiration. When the yeast undergoes
Free Carbon dioxide Oxygen PH