blemish! A Chemical Mole is a clever way to measure quantities; essential for analysis & chemical manufacture. Electrically powered smelter plant for extracting Aluminium from its ore If you know the mass‚ you can figure out how many atoms there are... thanks to the mole. Photo courtesy of Comalco Aluminium Ltd Preliminary Chemistry Topic
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Structure and bonding a) Compounds are substances in which atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined. b) Chemical bonding involves either transferring or sharing electrons in the highest occupied energy levels (shells) of atoms in order to achieve the electronic structure of a noble gas. c) When atoms form chemical bonds by transferring electrons‚ they form ions. Atoms that lose electrons become positively charged ions. Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged ions. Ions
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Name ___________________________ Chapter 4 Class ___________________ Date _____________ Atomic Structure Section 4.1 Studying Atoms (pages 100-105) This section discusses the development of atomic models. Reading Strategy (page 100) Summarizing As you read‚ complete the table about atomic models. For more information on this Reading Strategy‚ see the Reading and Study Skills in the Skills and Reference Handbook at the end of your textbook. Atomic Models Scientist Evidence
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that all of the ionic compounds are soluble in water. This is due to the fact that water molecules are polar. Meaning that they have dipole bonds‚ which have a slightly positive and slightly negative end due to electronegativity differences between atoms. When ionic bonds are placed in water‚ they dissociate into their ions (positive and negative) due to the process of dissociation. These ions are then attracted to different dipoles present in the water molecule‚ in other words the negative ions are
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are made of tiny particles called atoms · All atoms of a given element are identical · The atoms of a given element are different from those of any other element · Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds. A given compound always has the same relative numbers of types of atoms. · Atoms cannot be created‚ divided into smaller particles‚ nor destroyed in the chemical process. A chemical reaction simply changes the way atoms are grouped together. Unfortunately
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Theory 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE? a) A covalent bond is formed through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. b) A pair of electrons involved in a covalent bond are sometimes referred to as "lone pairs." c) It is not possible for two atoms to share more than two electrons. e) A covalent bond has a lower potential energy than the two separate atoms. d) Single bonds are shorter than double bonds. 2. Which of the following represent the Lewis structure for Cl? a) c)
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mankind’s quest for further knowledge and understanding. Much time has been spent looking for some clues. Most of what we know is still only a speculation. The three topics I’d like to discuss are what exactly the Big Bang theory is‚ the first atoms‚ and the age of the universe. What exactly is the Big Bang theory? “Fifteen billion years ago a tremendous explosion started the expansion of the universe‚ known as the Big Bang.” (LaRocco and Rothstein‚ n.d.) The Big Bang theory is an effort to
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"Quantum Mechanics" ~ Bohr’s model was inefficient for atoms other than hydrogen or poly-electronic atoms ~ This new approach to a model of the atom focused on the concept of wave functions ~ Since electrons are particles and therefore have wave properties ~ Schrodinger viewed the electron as a standing wave ~ Standing waves must have whole numbers of half wavelengths in any motion ~ As an electron‚ this means that the hydrogen atoms could only have certain circular orbits with a circumference
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another‚ covalent bonds share the electrons with each other and polar covalent bonds are in between covalent and ionic bonds which means that polar ionic bonds can either share or transfer the electrons‚ also polar covalent bonds are mostly around the atom instead of the other bonds that stay in
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Form A Chemistry 100 Introduction to General Chemistry Fall Semester‚ 2010 Exam One‚ 150 points On this page print your name‚ your lab section number‚ and the name of your TA. Also sign this test booklet. Name________________________________Lab section____________TA___________ Signature________________________________________________________________ The exam consists of 21 problems and one extra credit problem. Partial credit is given only for work that is legible and logically and clearly
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