THE COST AND SALES CONCEPT Cost is defined as a reduction in the value of an asset for the purpose of securing benefit or gain. Cost is defined in a hotel and restaurant as the expense to a hotel or restaurant for goods or services when the goods are consumed or the services are rendered. KINDS OF COSTS 1. Fixed costs – are those that are normally unaffected by changes in sales volume. They are said to have little direct relationship to the business volume because they do not change
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of per Unit Total Costs. The estimated unit costs for Hoteling Industries‚ when operating at a production and sales level of 10‚000 units‚ are as follows: Cost Item Estimated Unit Cost Direct materials $15 Direct labor 10 Variable factory overhead 8 Fixed factory overhead 5 Variable marketing 4 Fixed marketing 3 Required: (1) Identify the estimated conversion cost per unit. (2) Identify the estimated prime cost per unit. (3) Determine the estimated total variable cost per unit. (4) Compute
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Independent Variables Chapter 8 is devoted to dummy (independent) variables. This How To answers common questions on working with and interpreting dummy variables. Questions: 1) How to include dummy variables in a regression? 2) How to interpret a coefficient on a dummy variable? 3) How to test hypotheses with dummy variables and interaction terms? 4) How to create a double-log functional form with dummy variables? 5) How to interpret a coefficient on a dummy variable with a log
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in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright © 2012‚ 2007‚ 2004‚ 2001‚ 1997 by Pearson Education‚ Inc.‚ Upper Saddle River‚ New Jersey‚ 07458. Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction‚ storage in a retrieval system‚ or transmission in any form or by any means‚ electronic‚ mechanical‚ photocopying
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 2‚ ISSUE 8‚ AUGUST 2013 ISSN 2277-8616 Job Satisfaction Among Bank Employees: An Analysis Of The Contributing Variables Towards Job Satisfaction Aarti chahal‚ Seema chahal‚ Bhawna Chowdhary‚ Jyoti chahal Abstract: Job satisfaction can defined as extent of positive feelings or attitudes that individuals have towards their jobs. When a person says that he has high job satisfaction‚ it means that he really likes his job‚ feels good about
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Cost Classifications and Estimation 2.0 Introduction Cost classification may be defined as ‘the arrangement of cost items in a logical sequence having regard to their nature and purpose to be fulfilled’. The term cost must be qualified when in use in order that its precise meaning is established in a particular situation; however‚ cost refers to the amount of resources that have been diverted from other uses or sacrificed so as to achieve the desired objective. But the term is used to refer to
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1) Cost-volume-profit analysis is used primarily by management: A) as a planning tool B) for control purposes C) to prepare external financial statements D) to attain accurate financial results Answer: A Diff: 1 Terms: cost-volume-profit (CVP) Objective: 1 AACSB: Communication 2) One of the first steps to take when using CVP analysis to help make decisions is: A) finding out where the total costs line intersects with the total revenues line on a graph. B) identifying which costs are variable and
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Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis‚ EXHIBIT 11-1 Accounting Information and the Decision Process FIVE-STEP SEQUENCE Step 1: Gathering Information AN ILLUSTRATION The current manufacturing line uses 20 employees‚ 15 operating machines‚ and 5 handling materials‚ for a total cost of $640‚000. The rearrangement of the manufacturing assembly line is expected to eliminate materials-handling costs‚ equivalent to $160‚000. The cost of the rearrangement will be $90‚000. Historical
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What is the difference between a fixed and growth mindset? For starters a fixed mindset is where someone believes that their talent or personal trait is fixed or just comes to them naturally. A growth mindset is where you believe that you can learn more and get better and your intelligence can expand and you can learn more. What are some real life examples of what a fixed mindset might look like? It could be saying I got a 70% on my math test and I can’t do any better on it so I won’t retake. It
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A fixed mindset is when people believe their basic qualities‚ like their intelligence or talent‚ are simply fixed traits. They spend their time documenting their intelligence or talent instead of developing them. They also believe that talent alone creates success—without effort. They’re wrong. People in a fixed mindset believe you either are or aren’t good at something‚ based on your inherent nature‚ because it’s just who you are. The fixed mindset is the most common and the most harmful. The
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