1. Detecting ‘self’ and ‘non self’ molecules: the role of antigens and the membrane receptors. Class I MHC molecules | Class II MHC molecules | * Are found on almost all nucleated cells of the body (so are not on red blood cells) * Body Cells that have become infected or become cancerous can display antigens by using their Class I MHC molecules on their cell surface * These antigens that get displayed were made inside these cells * Cytotoxic T cells will recognise antigens displayed
Premium Immune system Antibody
Introduction Neurons (also known as neurons‚ nerve cells and nerve fibers) are electrically excitable and the most important cells in the nervous system that functions to process and transmit information. Neurons have a large number of extensions called dendrites. They often look likes branches or spikes extending out from the cell body. It is primarily the surfaces of the dendrites that receive chemical messages from other neurons. One extension is different from all the others‚ and is called
Premium Action potential Neuron
Investigation: A factor that affects the movement of water in and out of cells. Osmosis: movement of water from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential through a partially permeable membrane. High water potential = lots of free water molecules‚ low solute concentration Low water potential = very few free water molecules‚ high solute concentration Factors That Affect the Movement of Water in and out of Cells * Solute concentration * If one solution
Premium Osmosis
Living Units 3 P ART A Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education‚ Inc.‚ publishing as Benjamin Cummings But First… Let’s clean up… Hydrophobic Hydrophilic Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education‚ Inc.‚ publishing as Benjamin Cummings Plasma Membrane Separates intracellular fluids from extracellular fluids Plays a dynamic role in cellular activity Just like the doors‚ windows‚ and walls of a house Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education‚ Inc.‚ publishing as Benjamin Cummings 1 Fluid
Premium Protein RNA Cell membrane
REVIEW SHEET EXERCISE 1 Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability 1. Match each of the definitions in Column A with the appropriate term in Column B. |Column A |Column B | |__E__ term used to describe a solution that has a lower |a. diffusion | |concentration of solutes compared to another solution |b. facilitated diffusion
Premium Osmosis Diffusion Membrane biology
Non-cardiogenic shock is caused by a circulatory collapse in the body that is not due to problems originating in the heart. Shock is commonly caused by hypo-perfusion though the blood vessels due to lack of blood in the vessels causing low blood pressure and rapid heartbeat. Besides cardiogenic shock‚ there are three other types that cause shock for non-cardiogenic reasons‚ obstructive shock‚ disruptive shock‚ and hypovolemic shock. Obstructive shock results from an obstruction that prevents blood
Premium Heart Blood Cardiology
Results The objectives of this experiment were to investigate diffusion of molecules across a membrane and the factors that affect the rate of diffusion. The hemolysis time of sheep erythrocytes was measured for each of eight different nonelectrolyte solutions by eleven groups in BI 108 Section D2. These eight nonelectrolytes were urea‚ thiourea‚ methanol‚ ethanol‚ propanol‚ ethylene glycol‚ diethylene glycol‚ and triethylene glycol‚ and the mean hemolysis times can be seen below in Figure 1. The
Premium Diffusion Chemistry Osmosis
acetylcholine and diffuse across the neuromuscular cleft. The transmitter molecules fill receptor sites in the membrane of the muscle and increase the membrane permeability to sodium. The sodium then diffuses into the membrane and the membrane potential becomes less negative. If the threshold potential is reached‚ an action potential occurs and a nerve impulse moves along the muscle cell membrane and the muscle will contract. While skeletal muscles will only contract by neurons‚ smooth and cardiac muscles
Premium Muscle Muscular system Cardiac muscle
solution is osmotic movement of water into the cells‚ due to the cell being a hypotonic solution. Meanwhile‚ the soap solution undergoes another mechanism of lysis. The detergent from this solution causes a disruption of the lipid matrix of the cell membrane‚ resulting in the lysis. 4. Due to the solutions being hypertonic compared to the cell‚ the solutions of 2% NaCl and 5% NaCl would result in crenated
Premium Osmosis Chemistry Concentration
Exam 2 Study Guide w/ Chapters 15‚ 16‚ 17 1) Innate Immunity (p.446): A defenses against pathogens that is present at birth. Two major lines of defense; 1. Physical : Skin (epidermis + dermis) and mucous membranes 2. Internal: Cell and chemicals that inactivate or kill invaders Adaptive immunity (p.446): The body’s ability to recognize and defend itself against distinct invaders and their products. 2) Five attributes of adaptive immunity (p.471) 1. Specificity: When the immune response acts
Premium Immune system