An ecosystem is a biological environment consisting of all the organisms living in a particular area‚ as well as all the nonliving or abiotic‚ physical components of the environment with which the organisms interact‚ such as air‚ soil‚ water and sunlight. In a typical ecosystem‚ plants and other photosynthetic organisms are the producers that provide the food. (Leibold) Ecosystems can be permanent or temporary and they usually form a number of food webs. Examples of ecosystem include: Marine Ecosystems:
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for organic carbon percentage. The deepest layer showed the highest percentage of organic carbon at 47% and the lowest organic carbon percentage (23%) was found at 15cm (Figure 3). Organic carbon stored in lake sediments is mostly dependent on the amount of productivity in the lake at that time. During photosynthesis‚ diatoms are able to turn carbon dioxide into organic carbon which generates oxygen. However‚ since the shells are heavy the diatoms that die will take the carbon out of the
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correct. Every time a source of energy is converted from one form to another: some of the energy is converted to heat‚ which is not a very usable form of kinetic energy. A green plant will grow if given nothing more than: water‚ light‚ and carbon dioxide The leaves of plants can be thought of as "eating" sunlight. From an energetic perspective this makes sense because light energy‚ like the chemical energy stored in food molecules‚ is used inside plants to do work. Mitochondria have
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Exam 3 Review Sheet Equation for cellular respiration‚ be able to follow carbons from glucose to carbon dioxide Four stages of cellular respiration Glycolysis‚ location‚ three phases‚ output. Breakdown of pyruvate‚ location‚ input and output Citric acid cycle‚ overall goal‚ main processes. Oxidative phosphorylation‚ electron transport chain‚ final acceptor Chemiosmosis‚ role of H ions‚ role of ATP synthase Fermentation‚ steps in the process‚ alcoholic and lactate‚ where each occurs Be able
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1. How plants grow and develop? Just as humans have essential needs for survival‚ all plants require several basic elements to grow and thrive‚ including… Soil minerals (the more nutrient-rich the soil‚ the better the plant will grow) Water Air (carbon dioxide‚ hydrogen and oxygen) Sunlight Proper soil temperature Proper air temperature How much a plant needs of each element initially depends on the plant’s original habitat. For example‚ a rainforest plant that requires consistently moist and warm
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process that occurs in the cytosol/cytoplasm. It breaks down glucose into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules. Key terms: glucose‚ glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) Activation: Substrate-level phosphorylation adds 2 phosphate groups to glucose. Uses 2 ATP molecules and produces fructose 1‚6 – biphosphate. Lysis: The 6-carbon molecule (glucose) turns into G3P and DHAP (the dhap is converted to G3P). Basically split into two 3-carbon molecules of G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate). Oxidation: G3P is oxidized by
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as 3 pH units. On which side of the membrane (stroma or lumen of the grana) is the pH the lowest? 10. Photorespiration costs the plant as much as 50% of the carbon fixed in the Calvin Cycle. Discuss why has this process not been selected against (or has it?). 11. Discuss under what environmental conditions C4 Ps and CAM Ps are adaptive. 12. In science fiction stories‚ plants that live on planets far from the sun are often described as having black foliage‚ while
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– CHO 16. CO2 fixation - conversion of inorganic carbon (carbon dioxide) to organic compounds by living organisms 17. Glycolysis – the energy yielding breakdown (fermentation) of glucose to pyruvic or lactic acid 18. Metabolism – a general term for the totality of chemical and physical processes occurring in a cell 19. Kreb’s cycle - the sequence of reactions by which most living cells generate energy during the process of aerobic respiration. 20. Nitrogen fixation - any process of
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not just an ordinary rock because it’s a calcium carbide and was known here in the Philippines as kalburo. When this chemical compound is mixed with water there will be a chemical reaction and it produces acetylene gas. The two anions of carbon‚ the carbide (C4-) and dicarbide (C22-) ions react with water to produce hydrocarbons. The carbide ion gives methane gas‚ and the dicarbide ion gives acetylene gas. This video shows the reaction between calcium carbide and water to produce acetylene and calcium
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limiting pollution. Carbon is the basis of all life on earth as we know it‚ from humans to plants and animals. Carbon dioxide from the air with water is absorbed by plants and converted onto carbohydrates in the process of photosynthesis. Animals eat the carbohydrates (plants) returning the carbon dioxide to the atmosphere by the process of respiration‚ excretion (waste) and decay. Humans are impacting this cycle because we are burning more fossil fuels that contain carbon; in return this is thinning
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