properties of five common acids used in industry. Give some examples of the typical uses of each. 4. Although HCl(aq) exhibits properties of an Arrhenius acid‚ pure HCl gas and HCl dissolved in a nonpolar solvent exhibit none of the properties of an Arrhenius acid. Explain why. - HCl(g) consists of covalently bonded molecules that don’t ionize. Nonpolar solvent molecules don’t attract HCl molecules to cause them to be ionized. 5. a. What distinguishes strong acids from weak acids? - Strong acids
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Varying the Concentration of 1.0 M HCl | | | | |Concentrations | | |# Drops |# Drops |# Drops |Initial | |# Drops |# Drops |# Drops |Initial |Initial |Final |Final |Reaction Time (sec) |Reaction | |Well # |HCl |Water |Na2S2O3 |HCl |Na2S2O3 |HCl |Na2S2O3 |Trial 1 |Trial 2 |Avg
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of Calcium Hydroxide Used (v/cm3) +0.1 cm3 1 38.65 47.10 8.45 10.0 2 17.55 26.00 8.45 10.0 3 26.00 34.55 8.55 10.0 4 34.55 43.00 8.45 10.0 5 14.15 27.70 8.55 10.0 *there is an assumption that there isn’t an uncertainty for HCl solution* Balanced equation for hydrochloric acid and calcium hydroxide: Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + 2H2O Qualitative Data: The dark pink color the indicator gave it immediately vanished after a specific amount of Hydrochloric Acid was added by titration
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secondary alcohols will react with HCL and KmnO4‚ and the tertiary alcohol wont react with either HCL nor KMnO4 due to the location of the OH. The carbon that is bonded to the OH in both primary and secondary still has one or two Hydrogen atoms to undergo reactions‚ but the carbon in the tertiary alcohol do not have any Hydrogen to undergo reactions with. Materials: refer to the handout. Procedure: refer to the handout. Observation: Alcohol | Reaction with HCL | Reaction with KMnO4
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Objective: To study the affect of pH on a food preservative. Chemical Equation: C6H5COONa + HCL ------ C6H5COOH + NaCl Procedure: This experiment was started with a clear solution of sodium benzoate and HCl was added to it‚ ultimately producing benzoic acid. First‚ .3395 g of sodium benzoate was weighed‚ then it was dissolved in water‚ causing it to disassociate into ions. Next‚ 3M of HCl were added drop wise to the solution until it reached a pH of 2‚ thus introducing the hydronium ion
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NaOH solution. 2. Record volume. 3. Measure out between 20 milliliters and 40 milliliters of the unknown HCl solution. 4. Record volume. 5. The amount of unknown HCl is then added to the 100-milliliter Erlenmeyer flask. 6. Add two drops of the indicator‚ phenolphthalein‚ to the acid in the flask. 7. Using the slider on the right hand side‚ add NaOH to the HCl in the Erlenmeyer flask (This action is known as titrate). Add the indicator until the color of the indicator turns
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is noted for 4consecutive readings. 7. Dump out the water and return the copper cylinders to your lab instructor now. B. Measurements of H for neutralization reaction. 8. Add 50mL of distilled water to the cup‚ and pipet 10mL of standardized 3.0M HCL into the water in the cup.
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Investigating Chemical Equilibrium Date: 30th April 2013 Due Date: 15th May 2013 Prepared For: M. Seraji Prepared by: Andrea Odunze Abstract Many reactions proceed to a state of equilibrium. A chemical reaction at equilibrium‚ where the rates of the forward reaction and reverse reaction are equal‚ looks like this: A + B AB There are three factors‚ according to Le Chatelier’s principle‚ that affect the equilibrium position and equilibrium constant. These are the concentrations of products
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and NA2CO3 with HCl. A chemical reaction is a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance‚ as opposed to a change in physical form in a nuclear reaction. Titration is when a measured amount of solution of unknown volume is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is complete. The objective of this experiment is reacting sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and sodium carbonate (NaCO3) with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce sodium
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Student Number Mark / 100 2011 TRIAL HSC EXAMINATION Chemistry General Instructions • • • • • • • Reading time – 5 minutes Working time – 3 hours Write using black or blue pen Draw diagrams using pencil Board-approved calculators may be used A data sheet and a Periodic Table are provided. Write your Student Number at the top of this page and those of pages 10 and 11. Total Marks – 100 Section I Pages 2 – 24 Confidential Keep Secure 75 marks This section has two parts‚ Part
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