Introduction to Measurement Mass‚ Length‚ and Volume Introduction Much of what we know about the physical world has been obtained from measurements made in the laboratory. Skill is required to design experiments so that careful measurements can be made. Skill is also needed to use lab equipment correctly so that errors can be minimized. At the same time‚ it is important to understand the limitations of scientific measurements. Concepts Measurement Significant figures Accuracy
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Experiment # 4: Analysis of Soda Ash Experiment # 5: Volumetric Analysis of a Carbonate – Bicarbonate Mixture Submitted by: Eugenio December 2012 Department of Chemical Engineering University of Santo Tomas España‚ Manila Abstract Soda ash is the common name for sodium carbonate (NaCO3)‚ a chemical salt derived from carbonic acid. It is frequently used in manufacturing‚ industry‚ and in domestic chores. Glass production is one of the primary industrial uses for sodium carbonate. It is also
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measured and used to prepare a calibration curve‚ which is a graph showing how the absorbance with the concentration. For this experiment‚ the points on the calibration curve should yield a straight line (2). The slope and intercept of that line provide a relationship between absorbance and concentration: A = slope x + intercept The unknown solution is then analyzed. The absorbance of the unknown solution‚ A‚ is then used with the slope and intercept from the calibration curve to calculate the concentration
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EXPERIMENT : Iron in Breakfast Cereal by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy OBJECTIVES : 1) To determine the actual iron content of different brands of cereals 2) To compare the experimental results with the values listed on the manufacturer’s labels. INTRODUCTION : Iron is one of the important minerals that is required for our bodies to function properly. Most of the iron in our body is found in the blood such as haemoglobin‚ approximately 60 -70% of the human body’s iron is found
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Introduction: Discovered in the early 1500s by an alchemist by the name of Paracelsus‚ then observed and recorded by Robert Boyle and later Henry Cavendish‚ hydrogen is the most abundant element on earth and is an essential element for life. This element makes up about 90% of all atoms‚ the most popular being water. Today‚ it is seen as the clean fuel of the future‚ is used in products such as fertilizer‚ and it helps aid in the production of plastics‚ pharmaceuticals‚ and even margarine. Also
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temperature caused by the composition of acids and bases in the solution. II. Apparatus and Materials: A) Goggles B) Acid C) Base D) Digital Thermometer E) Pipet (10ml and 100 ml) F) Buret G) Plastic foam cup H) Beaker III. Outline of Procedure: For each system‚ measure the quantities of the reactants with a buret. Measure the reactant having the smaller volume into a plastic- foam cup; measure the other into a smaller beaker. Measure the temperature of each solution and record
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The aim of this experiment was to calculate the concentration of an unknown solution of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) by titrating it with Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) and to identify any possible sources of error. A colour change from pink to yellow signified the end of each individual titre as the NaOH had been neutralised. Experimental: Method: Firstly two solutions were prepared to show the colour of the Phenol Red indicator in acid and alkaline conditions. These colours were then used to determine the
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and 8.0 hours into tubes containing 0.5 ml of 2% EDTA solution to inhibit blood coagulation. Plasma was obtained from blood through centrifugation for 20 min at 3500 resolution per minute. Plasma supernatant was transferred to two groups of 5.0 mL volumetric flasks. The procedure was performed as described under “LVD‚ CBD and ETC analysis spiked human plasma” and the peak area of LVD‚ CBD and ETC was measured. By using the corresponding equations of regression‚ the accurate concentration of drugs in-vivo
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When first entering a science room‚ do not touch any equipment‚ chemicals‚ or other materials in the laboratory area until you are instructed to do so. 5. Do not eat food‚ drink beverages‚ or chew gum in the laboratory. Do not use laboratory glassware as containers for food or beverages. 6. Perform only those experiments authorized by the instructor. Never do anything in the laboratory that is not called for in the laboratory procedures or by your instructor. Carefully follow all instructions
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distilled water and stir well. (3) Using a vacuum filtration‚ filter the solution into a clean‚ dry Erlenmeyer flask with a side arm. (4) Record the temperature of the filtrate. (5) Pipet out 25 mL of (4) into a 250.mL Erlenmeyer flask. (6) Put ~3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator to (5) (7) Prepare a buret with ~0.04M NaOH solution. (Make sure to write down the actual concentration.) (8) Titrate (7) with NaOH until you get a permanent‚ faint pink solution. (9) Repeat (5) to (8) for a
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