an oxygen atom (oxygen: atomic number 8)? (a) 1s22s12p5 (b) 1s22s22p4 (c) 1s12s12p6 (d) 1s22s22p2 2. Which of the following species has an atom that has an unfilled valence shell of electrons? (a) molecular hydrogen‚ H2 (b) hydroxide anion‚ HO- (c) boron trifluoride‚ BF3 (d) water‚ H2O 3. Which of the following compounds is a ketone? (a) CH3CH2COOH (b) CH3CH2CHO (c) CH3CH2CH2OH (d) CH3COCH3 4. Which of the following is a primary amine? (a) CH3CH2NHCH3 (b) CH3CH2NHCH(CH3)2
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Chemistry Exam Review Matter and Chemical Bonding Significant Digits All non zero integers are significant ~ 456cm All zeros to the left of the first non zero digit are not significant~ 0.005kg All zeros between non zero digits are significant~ 207.08 km All zeros at the end of a number that has a decimal point are significant ~ 34.070 mg Density Density is a physical property of matter‚ as each element and compound has a unique density associated with it. Density defined in a qualitative
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type of substance is AC? What types of bonds are present? Explain your answer. • What type of substance is BC? What types of bonds are present? Explain your answer. • If any of the substances are ionic compounds. y!hich element is the cation and which is the anion? Explain your answer. o..h’\ o‚y Relative ’Relative Et~~J Substance ’Melting Soiling MalieableCo:rutuetor Point Point © 2008 K12 lnc. All rights reserved‚ Copying or distributing without K12’s written consent is prohibited. wiWnSQlid
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of the table ← Filling d orbitals C. Lanthanides & Actinides: listed separately‚ on the bottom on the table ← Filling 4f and 5f orbitals II. Metals/Nonmetals/Metalloids A. Metals: ← Lose valence electrons to form cations ← Exhibiting valence electron configuration of the noble gas from the preceding period ← Metallic character increases going
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the electron is shared equally between the atoms forming a covalent bond‚ then the bond is said to be nonpolar. An electron is more attracted to one atom than to another which forming a polar covalent bond. Ionic bonds are formed between a cation and an anion. Pure ionic bonding cannot exist: all ionic compounds have some degree of covalent bonding. An ionic bond is considered a bond where the ionic character is greater than the covalent character. The larger the difference in electronegativity between
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Surname Centre No. Initial(s) Signature Candidate No. Paper Reference(s) 4335/1F Examiner’s use only London Examinations IGCSE Team Leader’s use only Chemistry Paper 1F Foundation Tier Monday 9 May 2005 – Morning Time: 1 hour 30 minutes Materials required for examination Nil Items included with question papers Nil Question Leave Number Blank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Instructions to Candidates In the boxes above‚ write your centre number and candidate
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(1) Primary proton pump. (2) Cation (C+) channel. (3) Anion (A-) channel. (4) Proton-symport. (5) Proton-antiport.31 The essential role of fungal plasma membrane proton ATPase in fungal cell shows that it is a promising target for antifungal agents‚ but the lack of high resolution crystal structure
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Chapter 1 The Problem-And It’s Background Potato as an alternative battery for scientific calculator is the chosen topic of the researchers. The researchers thought of many topics but the topic about the scientific calculator get their attention. They thought that scientific calculator is very useful to students especially to 4th year students. A scientific calculator is a type of electronic calculator‚ designed to calculate problems in science‚ engineering‚ and mathematics. They have
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hexacarboxylic acid. Other important natural examples are citric acid (in lemons) and tartaric acid (in tamarinds). Salts and esters of carboxylic acids are called carboxylates. When a carboxyl group is deprotonated‚ its conjugate base forms a carboxylate anion. Carboxylate ions are resonance stabilized and this increased stability makes carboxylic acids more acidic than alcohols. Carboxylic acids can be seen as reduced or alkylated forms of the Lewis acid carbon dioxide; under some circumstances they can
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electrons‚ leaving a complete octet in the next-lowest energy level. Atoms of some non-metals tend to gain electrons or to share with another non-metal to achieve a complete octet. The gain of negatively charged electrons by a neutral atom produces an anion. 7.2- Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds Although they are composed of ions‚ ionic compounds are electrically neutral. Most ionic compounds are crystalline solids at room temperature. Ionic compounds generally have high melting points. Ionic compounds
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