The second test detennines the water of hydration present in the alum crystals. The third test is a chemical test to detennine the percent sulfate in your sample of alum. OBJECTIVES In this experiment‚ you will • • • • Detennine the melting temperature of a sample of alum. Detennine the water of hydration of a sample of alum. Detennine the percent sulfate of a sample of alum. Verify the chemical fonnula of a sample of alum. MATERIALS Part I‚ Melting Temperature Test Materials Vernier computer
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| Glucose (C6H12O6) | No | Nothing changes | Nothing changes | Dilute Sulfuric Acid (H2So4) | Yes | Bubbles | Bigger bubbles | Sucrose (C12H22O11) | Yes | Light bubbles | Light but more visible bubbles and light brown liquid | Copper Sulfate (CuSo4) | Yes | Light bubbles | Changes color to brown and oxidation is observed | Ethanol (c2H5OH) | No | Nothing changes | Nothing changes | Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) | Yes | Light bubbles | Light bubbles but more than in anode | Potassium
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Cu+‚ Tl+ = low solubility (insoluble) silver chloride‚ AgCl‚ forms a white precipitate + any other cation = soluble potassium bromide‚ KBr‚ is soluble Sulfate (SO42-) + Ca2+‚ Sr2+‚ Ba2+‚ Ag2+‚ Pb2+‚ Ra2+‚ Hg2+ = low solubility (insoluble) barium sulfate‚ BaSO4‚ forms a white precipitate + any other cation = soluble copper sulfate‚ CuSO4‚ is soluble sulfide (S2-) + alkali ions (Li+‚ Na+‚ K+‚ Rb+‚ Cs+‚ Fr+)‚ alkali earth metals (Be2+‚ Mg2+‚ Ca2+‚ Sr2+‚ Ba2+‚ Ra2+)‚ and H+(aq)
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ESTIMATION OF 1-4‚ DIOXANE IN SHAMPOOS/ CONDITIONERS/HAIR CREAMS/ SODIUM LAURETH SULFATE BY HEAD SPACE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE INTRODUCTION 1-4‚ DIOXANE 1‚4-Dioxane is a heterocyclic organic compound‚ classified as an ether. It is a colorless liquid with a faint sweet odor similar to that of diethyl ether. The compound is often called simply Dioxane because the other Dioxane isomers (1‚2- and 1‚3-) are rarely encountered. CHEMISTRY OF 1-4‚ DIOXANE
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Introduction By recycling aluminum cans‚ the costs and energy savings are dramatically more resourceful and efficient than producing aluminum from what it is naturally found in‚ bauxite ore. The process of recycling aluminum to produce potassium aluminum sulfate‚ a common alum‚ will be done through a serious of chemical reactions. Through this reaction‚ percent yield will be determined. Materials and Methods The mass of a 250 mL beaker is measured‚ and .9 to 1.2 grams of aluminum can pieces are added
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5. Which plant extract when combined with copper sulfate is suitable for dyeing cotton? 6. Does the acidity-basicity of the dye solution affect the quality of the dyed product? What you need Dye materials: plant parts such as peelings of mangosteen fruit‚ purple camote‚ and eggplant or red mayana and pandan leaves Fabrics: cotton‚ rayon‚ or any synthetic fiber Mordants: alum‚ copper sulfate‚ iron (II) sulfate‚ sodium sulfate 500-mL beaker stirring rods tray Masking tape
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appearance 3. Heating copper(II) hydroxide: * Solution turns black upon stirring * Water on top of copper 4. Addition of sulfuric acid to copper(II) oxide: * Solution turns clear blue when stirred 5. Addition of zinc to copper(II) sulfate: * Copper is formed Data and Calculations: Initial Mass of Beaker: 107.3g Initial Mass of Copper: 1.5g Final Mass of Beaker and Copper: 108.4g Mass of Copper Recovered: 1.1g % Y = Final mass of Cu/Initial Mass of Cu x 100 1.1g Copper/1
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during and after a chemical reaction. Equipment: Concentrated nitric acid in a glass dropping bottle Small pieces of Copper 250ml Beaker 2 M Lead nitrate in a dropping bottle 2 M Potassium iodide in a dropping bottle 2 M Copper sulfate in a dropping bottle 2 M Sodium hydroxide in a dropping bottle 2 M Hydrochloric acid in a dropping bottle 4 Pyrex test tubes Test tube rack Spatula Bunsen burner‚ gauze mat Sandpaper Magnesium Ribbon Tongs Safety glasses
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science‚ I encountered more problems in this subject than any other. Recently‚ I was assigned a lab. The purpose was to let Copper Sulfate react with Aluminum and obtain Copper. Before the experiment‚ I set up the stoichiometric equation carefully‚ predicting the production of Copper using my assigned mass of Copper Sulfate. Additionally‚ I intentionally made Copper Sulfate an excess in my equation‚ since it would be dissolved in water and I would only have to collect Copper at the end‚ to get the highest
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CHAPTER 4 Presentation‚ Analysis and Interpretation of Data This chapter includes discussion on the presentation‚ analysis and interpretation of data obtained in the physical‚ chemical‚ and biological test. 1. Extraction and Isolation of Tannins An extraction and isolation was conducted by the researchers to determine and calculate the amount of tannins from the Otaheite Gooseberry leaves. The results are the following: Table 1 Result of the Extraction and Isolation of Tannins Weight of
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