OUTLINE OF TOPICS IMMUNOLOGY AND SEROLOGY Dec 14‚ 2014 8:00 am – 12:00 nn Part 1: IMMUNOLOGY UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Historical Development 2. Definition of Terms UNIT II: IMMUNITY 1. Natural/Innate Immunity First line of Defense Anatomical/ Physical Barriers of Infections Second Line of Defense Physiological Barriers Biochemical Factors Cellular Factors Phagocytosis Third Line of Defense Immune response 2. Acquired/Adaptive Immunity Active Acquired Immunity Passive Acquired Immunity Humoral Immunity
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Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization Checkpoint Questions 1. Define histology: Histology is the study of tissues 2. List the four basic types of tissues in the body: a. Epithelial tissue b. Connective tissue c. Muscle tissue d. Neural tissue 3. List five important characteristics of epithelial tissue: a. The cells are bound closely together b. A free surface exposed to the environment or internal chamber/passageway c. Attachment
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1.1.1. Leather industrial waste: Prominent effectiveness of leather industry is amplified by high input and expenditure but on other side it causes huge waste of resource‚ incredible environmental pollution and biological chain destruction [17]. Streams of gaseous‚ liquid and solid waste are resulted by environmental blow of tanneries. Global leather industry generates 4 million tones of solid waste per year [18]. People use products of the leather-processing industry on a daily basis. These include
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ANIMAL TISSUES 1. Classify the animal tissues. On the basis of the function they perform‚ animal tissues are classified into four different types. They are: i) Epithelial tissue ii) Connective tissue iii) Muscular tissue iv) Nervous tissue 2. What are epithelial tissues? What are the characteristic features of these tissues? The covering or protective tissues in the animal body are called epithelial tissues. They also perform the functions of secretion and absorption
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OSSIFICATION * Formation of bone by osteoblasts. * Involves the synthesis of organic matrix containing collagen and proteoglycans and addition of hydroxyapatite crystals to the matrix. * Osteocytes- mature bone cells formed when the osteblast becomes completely surrounded by bone matrix. Types of Bone Development 1. Intramembranous Ossification
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nuts Vitamin A: Essential part of cells within the eye. Development of antibodies to fight infection lemons‚ carrots‚ fish Vitamin D: Helps calcium to be absorbed- enables bone strengthening Fish- tuna‚ salmon. Butter Vitamin C: Assist in collagen production‚ helps with absorption of iron into the blood broccoli‚ tomatoes Vitamin B: Metabolism of carbs‚ protein and fats for energy production. Maintenance of healthy skin vegemite‚ wholegrain cereals Vitamin B12: Formation of Red Blood
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HEMOSTASIS Hemostasis: drives from the Greek meaning “The stoppage of blood flow”. a process which causes bleeding to stop‚ meaning to keep blood within a damaged blood vessel. It is the first stage of wound healing. Hemostasis can be divided into two stages: Primary and Secondary. 1- Primary hemostasis includes the platelet and vascular response to vessel injury. 2- Secondary hemostasis includes the coagulation factors response to such injury. Together‚ platelets‚ vessels‚ and coagulation
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The Chemistry of Decomposition Decomposition is defined as the biological and chemical changes a body undergoes after death. It is the decay of tissues and structures. There are two types of decomposition: abiotic and biotic. Abiotic decomposition is defined as the degradation of a substance by chemical or physical processes; such as hydrolysis‚ reduction‚ or oxidation. Biotic decomposition is the metabolic breakdown of materials into simpler components by living organisms. This is typically
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they are allowed to travel quickly to the heart and penetrate the cells in the heart valves. Microbiologist Dr. Jacqueline Abranches and her team at the University of Florida conducted studies of the Streptococcus mutan and actively identified a collagen binding protein identified as the CNM protein that allows a Streptococcus mutan to infiltrate weakened parts of the
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Tissues of the periodontium (Chapter 2) Periodontium * The tissues that surround‚ support‚ and attach to the teeth Components of the periodontium 1. Gingiva 2. Periodontal ligament 3. Cementum 4. Alveolar bone Function of the periodontium * To support the teeth and oral structures The gingiva * The visible component of the periodontium inside the mouth * Described as: pink‚ pink-red‚ blue‚ purple‚ or pigmented * It can appear much darker when melanin pigmentation
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