1. Convert prices to total return (% change in the price) = (Pt – Pt-1) / Pt-1 2. Remove outliers – sort data and remove anything +/- 20% 3. Calculate historical average and historical risk X-BAR = Σx/n Calculate the sum of the total return and divide by the number of observations • Variance = σ2 = Σ(x – x bar) 2 / (n-1) Fix X-BAR‚ double click to apply to all dates‚ get the sum‚ divide by (n-1) Risk = σ = √σ = SQRT(Variance) = standard deviation 4. Average Matrix Excel Options
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Accounting rate of return Accounting rate of return (also known as simple rate of return) is the ratio of estimated accounting profit of a project to the average investment made in the project. ARR is used in investment appraisal. Formula Accounting Rate of Return is calculated using the following formula: ARR = Average Accounting Profit Average Investment Average accounting profit is the arithmetic mean of accounting income expected to be earned during each year of the project’s life time
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profit and their loyal customers were always remained. Bayambang is one of the town with the largest number of barangays in Pangasinan‚ a largest place to establish a business. Business opportunity is increasing like mini grocery market‚ malls‚ fast food chains‚ banks‚ water refilling station and other small and big enterprises. This business establishment where very profitable and have impact to the customers especially here‚ is the groceries stores because customer or people can get or buy
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Clym ’s opinion of Eustacia From the outset of the novel Eustacia ’s character is steeped in mystery and intrigue. Before we even learn of her name Hardy describes her as "an organic part" of Egdon. As her character develops‚ and her thoughts and intentions unfold‚ the reader is forced to agree with Clym ’s opinion of her as "desperate‚ full of fancies‚ and wilful ". Eustacia displays these particular character traits within a number of passages in the novel‚ up to and including Clym ’s proposal
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2012 What is Customer Relationship Management? “CRM is the core business strategy that integrates internal processes and functions‚ and external networks‚ to create and deliver value to targeted customers at a profit. It is grounded on high quality customer related data and enabled by information technology.” Type of CRM Strategic ! Dominant characteristic Strategic CRM is a core customer-centric business strategy that aims at winning and keeping profitable customers. Operational
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Return to Normalcy Americans wanted to return to normalcy after WWI‚ known as the Great War. So they isolated themselves from the rest of the world. They did this by staying out of foreign affairs like they did before. The U.S. rejected the Treaty Versailles and the League of Nations (johndclare.net) They basically turned their backs on the rest of the world. President Harding even used "Back to normalcy" as his slogan. The United states politically‚ socially ‚culturally‚ and economically had many
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Part 1: Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty Definition of Consumer Satisfaction: The satisfaction of customer is considered as the popular topic at the practice on marketing and the research as academic in view of the fact that the primary study of Cardozo’s (1965) on the effort of customers‚ their expectations and along with the satisfaction of them. In spite of taking many attempts for measuring and explaining the satisfaction of customer‚ there is not so much consensus conducting in relation
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Customer Satisfaction Strategies What is customer satisfaction? We are in the midst of a revolution in business. Some call it a customer revolution‚ others a quality revolution‚ others a service revolution. Organizations are attempting to obtain increased customer satisfaction by focusing on the quality of their products and the service provided. This movement toward quality has produced significant benefits but just like other business fads‚ joining and adopting the religion does not insure
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What is Customer Churn? Customer churn refers to when a customer (player‚ subscriber‚ user‚ etc.) ceases his or her relationship with a company. Online businesses typically treat a customer as churned once a particular amount of time has elapsed since the customer’s last interaction with the site or service. The full cost of customer churn includes both lost revenue and the marketing costs involved with replacing those customers with new ones. Reducing customer churn is a key business goal of every
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Part 1: Defining Marketing and the Marketing Process (Chapters 1–2) Part 2: Understanding the Marketplace and Consumers (Chapters 3–6) Part 3: Designing a Customer-Driven Strategy and Mix (Chapters 7–17) Part 4: Extending Marketing (Chapters 18–20) 4 Marketing Information to Gain Managing Customer Insights Chapter Preview In this chapter‚ we continue our exploration of how marketers gain insights into consumers and the marketplace. We look at how companies develop and manage information about
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