NUMBER SYSTEMS • Decimal 0~9 • Binary 0~1 • Octal 0~7 • Hexadecimal 0~F DECIMAL DECIMAL The decimal system is composed of 10 numerals or symbols. These 10 symbols are 0‚ 1‚ 2‚ 3‚ 4‚ 5‚ 6‚ 7‚ 8‚ 9; using these symbols as digits of a number‚ we can express any quantity. The decimal system‚ also called the base-10 system because it has 10 digits. EXAMPLE: 47 = (4 X 101)+(7 X 100) = (4 X 10) + (7 X 1) = 40+ 7 EXERCISE : 568.23 = BINARY BINARY In the binary system‚ there are only two symbols
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Xavier Crabtree NT1210 Lab 1.1: Reading Binary Exercise 1.1.1 Create a mapping similar to Figure 1-1 for the decimal number 2931 using either paper and pencil or a Word document. 10^3 | 10^2 | 10^1 | 10^0 | 1000 | 100 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 3 | 1 | x | x | x | = 2931 = 2931 x | 2000 + | 900 + | 30 + | 1 | Exercise 1.1.2 Create a mapping similar to Figure 1-2 for the binary number 110 base 2 using either paper and pencil or a Word document. 110 = 1x4 + 1x2 + 0x1 110 =6 Exercise 1.1
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the computer’s language is binary 0s and 1s. The computer cannot understand typed or written instructions or data. Whenever data or instructions or input to the computer it is first converted to 0s and 1s‚ these are called binary digits (bits). There are a number of methods that are used to represent data in computer system‚ namely: 1. Binary Representation 2. ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange 3. EDCDIC - Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange
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for this purpose. Recommended Procedures Task 1: Convert Decimal Number into Binary Procedure 1. Convert the decimal number 125 into binary. Use the division-by-two method shown in the following example below. 2. Convert your binary result back into decimal to prove your answer is correct. This is also shown in the following example. Example: Convert the decimal number 50 into binary using the division-by-two method. Convert the binary result back into decimal. Solution: 50/2= 25
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Convert the number in hexadecimal into decimal by multiplying each digit of a number with 16 raise to the power of weight of digit. 2. Convert the number obtained in decimal into binary dividing the number by 2 until the quotient is zero. Shortcut method 1. Convert each octal digit to a 4-bit equivalent binary representation dividing by 2. 10AF16 = ?2 1 0 A F 0001 0000
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(ALU) arithmetic‚ comparison and other operations. System Clock – small quartz crystal circuit that controls the timing of all computer operation. Clock Speed – the pace of the system clock that is measured by the number of ticks per second. Bit (binary digit) – the smallest unit of data the computer can process. Byte – when 8 bits are grouped together as a unit. Kilobyte (KB) – equal to approximately 1 thousand bytes. Megabyte (MB) – equal to approximately 1 million bytes. Gigabyte (GB) – approximately
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13. What are the applications of computers? 14. Specify the reasons to use computers. 15. Define Clients and Servers. 16. Convert the hexadecimal value (2AC) to their binary equivalent. 17. Convert the octal value (127.54) to their decimal equivalent. 18. Convert the hexadecimal value (2B.C4) to their decimal equivalent. 19. Convert (77) 10 to (?) 4. 20. Convert (1715) 10 to (?) 12. UNIT – II 21. What is meant by Installation and Assembling? 22. Define Operating System. 23. Differentiate
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Access List Configuration Facts Configuring access lists involves two general steps: 1. Create the list and list entries with the access-list command. 2. Apply the list to a specific interface or line. Use the ip access-group command to apply the list to an interface. Use the access-class command to apply the list to a line. When constructing access list statements‚ keep in mind the following: The access list statement includes the access list number. The type of list (standard or extended)
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Written Assignment #2 Review Questions: 1.Convert each of the binary numbers to decimal numbers: A. 2 B. 4 C. 7 D. 11 E. 12 F. 18 G. 21 H. 31 I. 205 J. 227 2.Convert each of the decimal numbers to binary: A. 111 B. 10011 C. 11100 D. 101110 E. 111001 F. 1010110 G. 1011110 H. 1110000 I. 10010100 J. 11100110 3.Convert each of the octal numbers to decimal numbers: A. 30 B. 68 C. 80 D. 142 E. 240 F. 846 4.Convert each of the octal numbers to binary numbers: A. 111100 B. 1011000 C. 10101000 D
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"11" to be interpreted as the binary symbol for three‚ the decimal symbol for eleven‚ or a symbol for other numbers in different bases. BINARY TO HEXADECIMAL Example 1. Consider Binary: 1000100100110111 (a 16-bit Byte) STEP 1 Break the Byte into ’quartets’ - 1000 1001 0011 0111 STEP 2 Use the table above to covert each quartet to its Hex equivalent - 8937 Therefore ... 1000100100110111 = 8937Hex Converting Decimal to Binary Converting from Decimal to Binary is a little bit harder than
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