UNIT 1 – LESSON 2 NOTES Natural Selection and Evidence for Evolution: The mechanism for evolution is called Natural Selection to distinguish it from Artificial Selection. Evolution occurs at the population level because genetics don’t change. The frequencies of different genetic types (genotypes) within a population do change over time & can create new species. There is genetic variation in all populations; some individuals are successful at surviving and finding resources & produce
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biodiversity. • HOMOLOGOUS FEATURE a structure with a common evolutionary origin that may serve different functions in modern species (for example‚ bat wing and human arm) • ANALOGOUS FEATURE a structure that performs the same function as another but is not similar in origin or anatomical structure; for example‚ bird and insect wings • VESTIGIAL FEATURE a rudimentary and non-functioning‚ or only marginally functioning‚ structure that is homologous to a fully functioning structure in closely related
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The Indri Skeleton differs from the human skeleton in numerous ways. One of the most prominent differences between the Indri skeleton and human skeleton is the vestigial tail. Indri is the only lemur that has a short vestigial tail. Today‚ most humans do not have a vestigial tail. Although‚ in rare occasions‚ a human may be born with a short like tail structure at birth. All humans do have a coccyx. The coccyx is the remnants of the lost tail that humans once had. Jaw structure between the Indri
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Dolphins are well-known‚ lovable‚ and incredibly intelligent creatures. One genus of dolphins‚ known as Tursiops or Bottlenose‚ are quite commonly known to the common person (Bottlenose). Bottlenose dolphins are known for their intelligence and popularity with children especially. Many people know what they are and are able to recognize them easily. Scientists have proven that they are incredibly intelligent and know a lot about various things that humans also know (Common). However‚ many people
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To this day‚ mankind holds onto its vestigial will to survive which serves as a testament to the dangers mankind faced during its evolution. This will to survive resides inside of the subconscious of all men‚ yet mankind attempts to suppress these primal desires for once unbound‚ these desires go against the societal limits developed by mankind to civilize itself. The constant battle between this vestigial and primal darkness and the lightness of society’s mores acts as the fundamental conflict of
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Many early philosophers believed in the idea that all organisms are made by God in their current state and require no additional modification. As a result‚ many scientists in the 1700s explained that an organism’s compatibility to its environment is because of the principle that God created a species to suit a specific environment. Contrary to the beliefs of early philosophers and scientists‚ an organism’s compatibility to its environment is caused by natural selection. Natural selection‚ the process
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an important source of antibody-producing blood cells and thus an integral part of the human immune system. ” It also serves “as a compartment for beneficial bacteria that are needed for normal digestion. ” These are only a few examples of the “vestigial” structures and systems that were once thought to have no function‚ but after scientific research and inquiry‚ were proven to have very important
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estimates the age of the fossils. Homologous structures are similar in structure but have different function. One example is a human arm and a bird’s wing‚ they both do the same thing but they function differently. Analogous structure are part of the body that have similar function and they don’t have similar structure or indicate shared ancestry. Vestigial structure are part of the body that don’t play a major role to the organism. Scientists use these to prove that evolution exist and they can compare
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Part I Human Genome: • Human genome project; genes on human chromosomes • Human genome sequencing; Highthroughput sequencing technology Canonical DNA: • • • • • Chemical structure and properties of B-DNA Enzymes that function on B-DNA DNA dissociation and reassociation kinetics of B-DNA Chromicity of B-DNA Major and minor grooves and DNA-protein interaction in gene regulation of B-DNA Non-canonical DNA: • Structure of A-DNA and Z-DNA; Comparison of A‚ B and Z-DNA; • Discovery of Z-DNA in vitro
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Donald R. Powers‡ George Fox University‚ Newburg‚ OR 97132 and Michael H. Dickinson§ California Institute of Technology‚ Pasadena‚ CA 91125 [Abstract] Hummingbirds fly with their wings almost fully extended during their entire wingbeat. This pattern‚ associated with having proportionally short humeral bones‚ long distal wing elements‚ and assumed to be an adaptation for extended hovering flight‚ has lead to predictions that the aerodynamic mechanisms exploited by hummingbirds during hovering should
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