water molecules from high concentration to low concentration through semipermeable membranes‚ caused by the difference in concentrations on the two sides of a membrane (Rbowen‚ L.). It occurs in both animals and plants cells. In human bodies‚ the process of osmosis is primarily found in the kidneys‚ in the glomerulus. In plants‚ osmosis is carried out everywhere within the cells of the plant (World Book‚ 1997). This can be shown by an experiment with potato and glucose/salt solution. The experiment
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IB Biology Sheran Gu Meghan Lena Nov. 15th Influence of pH on Enzyme Activities How does the pH of solution influence the speed of enzyme activities? Enzymes are protein catalysts and chemical that speed up chemical reaction without being involved in the reaction. They are involved in the human digestive system to help people digest food more efficient. Food are substrates to be break down and absorb through the digestive system in the body. Substrate is a molecule that bond with the active site
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Professor Shannan Lewis-Blair‚ M.S. Submitted By: Kara Hackett‚ Ryan Ritchie & Angie Wagoner Kara_Hackett@pba.edu‚ Ryan_Ritchie@pba.edu & Angie_Wagoner@pba.edu Date of Submission: September 10th‚ 2013 Title of Assignment: Barriers to Concentration CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author of this paper. This paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. I have also cited any sources from which I used data‚ ideas‚ or words‚ either quoted directly or paraphrased
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Investigate the effect of temperature on amylase activity Introduction Amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch into sugars. Amylases are found in almost all plants‚ animals and microorganisms. Large amounts of amylase occur in germinating cereals‚ and in the pancreas and saliva of higher animals. Aim The aim of this experiment is to find out the rate of reaction between amylase and starch in a range of different reaction temperatures. Hypothesis As the reaction
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Robert Lawrence and Edmund Stephens‚ two graduate students of geology from Columbia University‚ organized the Saline Salt Company in 1974. Keeping in mind the fact that every 1‚000 grams of seawater contains approximately 35 grams of various salts‚ the two men pictured limitless wealth for them by extracting these salts. Common table salt comprises 27 grams out of each 35 grams and is easy to extract; so‚ the men decided to begin producing it. They picked New Iberia‚ Louisiana as the ideal location
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Effects of pH on fungal amylase activity BI 211 November 25‚ 2011 Introduction In recent years‚ the uses of microorganisms have become a huge importance to industry and sparked a large interest into the exploration of enzyme activity in microorganisms. Amylase is one of the most widely used enzyme required for the preparation of fermented foods. Apart from food and starch industries‚ in which demand for them is increasing continuously‚ amylase is also used in
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Water-soluble vitamins need to be replaced more often than fat-soluble ones. Vitamins A‚ D‚ E and K are fat-soluble. Vitamins C and all the B vitamins are water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed through the intestinal tract with the help of fats (lipids). Another name for Vitamin A is retinol and its deficiency may cause night-blindness and keratomalacia. Liver‚ carrot‚ sweet potato and pumpkin are some sources of Vitamin A. Thiamine is chemical name for
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3. Why are stabilisation salts added to evaporated or condensed milks prior to heating? The heat stability of milk is of tremendous importance in the successful processing of milk and the manufacture of most dairy products. Appropriate application of heat becomes necessary not just for destruction of spore-resistant micro-organisms but also for the preservation of the most desirable product characteristics. However‚ milk should not coagulate on heating. Heat coagulation is chiefly caused by de-stabilization
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third reaction involves molecular iodine becoming a dark blue starch;I2(aq) + starch blue-black complex3. These three reactions react in a sequence. In any reaction the concentration is exponentially related to the rate of the reaction. The rate of the reaction is dependent on potassium iodate4. Therefore as the concentration increases‚ the rate of the reaction also increases. Since the rate of the reaction is inversely proportional to time‚ as the
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primary structure of hemoglobin‚ the protein that carries oxygen in a red blood cell‚ it can seriously hinder the blood cell’s ability to carry oxygen‚ and the cell’s circular shape becomes deformed into a sickle shape‚ which can clog blood vessels. Lipids include fats‚ and the main function of fat is energy storage in animals. Fats are even richer in energy than
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