– Restriction Enzyme Digestion To begin this experiment‚ the DNA molecules must be cut into smaller fragments with distinct enzymes called Restriction Enzymes through a process called Restriction Enzyme Digestion. Four microtest tubes were labeled 1 through 4 and added 10 µl of Enzyme Reaction Buffer to each of the four reaction tubes using a micropipette. DNA‚ and Enzyme 1 and 2‚ were then added to the reaction tubes using a new micropipette tip for each transfer of DNA and enzyme (refer to figure
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the beginning of the lab. Post-lab questions for Topic 5 – Enzymes Name: Date: Group: T W R Formation and Detection of Benzoquinone Table 1. Formation and Detection of Benzoquinone: Record Absorbance Time 2A-Potato extract + cathecol 2B- Potato extract + water 2C- Catechol + water After 10 min 1- What were the substrate‚ enzyme and product of the enzymatic reaction? 2- What is the purpose of tubes 2B and 2C? Enzyme Specificity Table 2 – Specificity of Cathecol oxidase for different
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Abstract: Enzymes are specific-type proteins that act as a catalyst by lowering the activation energy of a reaction. Each enzyme binds closely to the substrate; this greatly increases the reaction rate of the bounded substrate. Amylase enzyme‚ just like any other enzyme‚ has an optimum PH and temperature range in which it is most active‚ and in which the substrate binds most easily. The purpose of this experiment was to determine (1) the reaction rate of an amylase enzyme in starch and (2)
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INTRODUCTION Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions‚ without being used up or changed. Catalase is a globular protein molecule that is found in all living cells. A globular protein is a protein with its molecules curled up into a ’ball’ shape. All enzymes have an active site. This is where another molecule(s) can bind with the enzyme. This molecule is known as the substrate. When the substrate binds with the enzyme‚ a product is produced. Enzymes are specific to their
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factors on protease production by S. marasensis 3.2.1. One-facto-at-a-time Since protease production and growth of S. marasensis SR-081 Halo was affected by nutritional factors and culture conditions‚ the medium was initially optimized by one-factor-at-a-time method. Maximum growth of the strain and protease production was observed at pH 7‒8 (Fig. 2a and 2b)‚ 40 ºC (Fig. 2c and 2d)‚ and inoculum size of 10% (v/v) (Fig. S5a)‚ that to reduce the impact of inoculum medium on composition of protease production
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HB105: Introductory Physiology The Action of Enzymes Introduction An enzyme is located in all living cells‚ and is a complex protein molecules. These protein based molecule act as a catalyst. This is a compound that aids chemical reactions without its own structure and state being changed during the process. Catalysts speed up chemical reactions‚ changing substrates into specific produce. Without these enzymes life would not exist. Enzymes are fundamental to all living things as they speed up
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References: * Alkhinji‚ A.‚ 2011. Measuring DNA concentration with the Nanodrop Spectrophotometer. Fero Lab: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center * Garrett‚ R.H.‚ Grisham‚ C.M.‚ 2010. Biochemistry‚ Ed 4. Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning * Snyder‚ L.‚ Champness‚ W.‚ 2007. Molecular genetics of bacteria‚ Ed
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influences the enzyme activity‚ as it affects the shape of the enzyme or charge on substrate and ultimately its functionality (Reece et al.‚ 2011; Eed and John‚ 2013). With respect to effect of pH on enzyme activity‚ there was a steady increase in the activity for CFR15-protease‚ i.e. from pH 3.5 to 10.5 and a sudden fall was observed over pH 10.5. The activity was stable in the range of pH 7 to 10.5 and this reveals the alkaline protease nature of the enzyme. However‚ CFR11-protease showed increase
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How is pH affecting catalase activity? Hypothesis The catalase activity is assumed to be the most active in pH7. The higher or lower concentration away from the optimum pH of catalase‚ the slower the rate of activity is. Data Collection & Processing I collected the results of pH4‚ pH7‚ pH10 and pH13 after 2 minutes‚ and I repeated the experiment 3 times. Below is a table to show the results‚ their averages and standard deviations: | 1st time (sec) | 2nd time (sec) | 3rd time (sec)
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For this experiment‚ we started off by taking tubes numbered 1-4 and started adding one scoop of our enzyme catalyst‚ in this case‚ the yeast. We then proceeded to measure and add 1 mL of distilled water to test tubes A-D. To get a more accurate measure of 1 mL of distilled water‚ we used the dropper labeled “W” to drop distilled water into the 5 mL graduated cylinder until we saw that the bottom of the water line reached closely to 1 mL. Next‚ we took the four tubes with the scoop of yeast and
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